Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
Am J Epidemiol. 2011 Nov 15;174(10):1147-58. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwr227. Epub 2011 Oct 12.
Never or curtailed lactation has been associated with an increased risk for incident hypertension, but the effect of exclusive breastfeeding is unknown. The authors conducted an observational cohort study of 55,636 parous women in the US Nurses' Health Study II. From 1991 to 2005, participants reported 8,861 cases of incident hypertension during 660,880 person-years of follow-up. Never or curtailed lactation was associated with an increased risk of incident hypertension. Compared with women who breastfed their first child for ≥12 months, women who did not breastfeed were more likely to develop hypertension (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.27, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.18, 1.36), adjusting for family history and lifestyle covariates. Women who never breastfed were more likely to develop hypertension than women who exclusively breastfed their first child for ≥6 months (HR = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.20, 1.40). The authors found similar results for women who had never breastfed compared with those who had breastfed each child for an average of ≥12 months (HR = 1.22, 95% CI: 1.13, 1.32). In conclusion, never or curtailed lactation was associated with an increased risk of incident maternal hypertension, compared with the recommended ≥6 months of exclusive or ≥12 months of total lactation per child, in a large cohort of parous women.
从未哺乳或哺乳时间过短与高血压发病风险增加有关，但纯母乳喂养的影响尚不清楚。作者对美国护士健康研究 II 中的 55636 名经产妇进行了一项观察性队列研究。1991 年至 2005 年，参与者在 660880 人年的随访中报告了 8861 例新发高血压病例。从未哺乳或哺乳时间过短与新发高血压风险增加有关。与哺乳第一个孩子≥12 个月的女性相比，不哺乳的女性更容易患高血压（风险比（HR）=1.27，95%置信区间（CI）：1.18，1.36），调整了家族史和生活方式因素。从未哺乳的女性比第一个孩子纯母乳喂养≥6 个月的女性更容易患高血压（HR=1.29，95%CI：1.20，1.40）。对于从未哺乳的女性，与每个孩子平均母乳喂养≥12 个月的女性相比，作者发现了类似的结果（HR=1.22，95%CI：1.13，1.32）。总之，与推荐的每个孩子纯母乳喂养≥6 个月或总母乳喂养≥12 个月相比，从未哺乳或哺乳时间过短与产后妇女高血压发病风险增加有关，这在一个大型经产妇队列中得到了验证。
