Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland.
Horm Res Paediatr. 2011;76(5):314-20. doi: 10.1159/000331050. Epub 2011 Oct 13.
Clinical studies suggest that the thyroid autoantibodies and/or hypothyroidism are not present in Turner's syndrome (TS) patients before the age of 8 years and are more frequent in patients with the X isochromosome. The aim of the study was to analyze the dynamics of thyroid dysfunction in girls with TS.
86 TS patients with a median age of 10.6 years were followed for 4.6 ± 3.0 years.
The prevalence of thyroid abnormalities increased from 25.5 to 50% during the follow-up. Finally, 31 (36%) patients had positive thyroid autoantibodies and 27 (31.4%) had subclinical hypothyroidism. Hashimoto's thyroiditis was diagnosed in 15 patients. Median age of developing thyroid antibodies and subclinical hypothyroidism was 14.1 and 14.8 years, respectively. The youngest hypothyroid patient was 1.8 years old and the youngest girl with positive anti-thyroid antibodies was 5.5 years old. Autoantibodies appeared mainly after the age of 13. The risk of developing subclinical hypothyroidism was greatest between 12 and 14 years of age. The prevalence of thyroid abnormalities was not related to the karyotype.
Thyroid autoimmunity and dysfunctions in TS may start early, their prevalence increases with age, independently of karyotype and without any clinical symptoms and signs.
临床研究表明，甲状腺自身抗体和/或甲状腺功能减退症在 8 岁之前不存在于特纳综合征（TS）患者中，并且在 X 等臂染色体患者中更为常见。本研究旨在分析 TS 女孩甲状腺功能障碍的动态变化。
对 86 名平均年龄为 10.6 岁的 TS 患者进行了 4.6±3.0 年的随访。
甲状腺异常的患病率在随访期间从 25.5%增加到 50%。最终，31 名（36%）患者甲状腺自身抗体阳性，27 名（31.4%）患者亚临床甲状腺功能减退。15 名患者诊断为桥本甲状腺炎。出现甲状腺抗体和亚临床甲状腺功能减退的中位年龄分别为 14.1 岁和 14.8 岁。最年轻的甲状腺功能减退患者为 1.8 岁，最早出现甲状腺自身抗体阳性的女孩为 5.5 岁。自身抗体主要出现在 13 岁以后。亚临床甲状腺功能减退的风险在 12 至 14 岁之间最大。甲状腺异常的患病率与核型无关。
TS 中的甲状腺自身免疫和功能障碍可能很早就开始，其患病率随年龄增长而增加，与核型无关，且无任何临床症状和体征。
