Hajifattahi F, Azarshab M, Haghgoo R, Lesan S
Assistant Professor, Department of Oral Medicine, Dental School, Islamic Azad University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
J Dent (Tehran). 2010 Summer;7(3):119-23. Epub 2010 Sep 30.
Melanin pigmentation in the oral mucosa occurs as a result of several reasons one of which is smoking. Cigarette smoke induces numerous side effects in the people who do not smoke, but are in the same environment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of parental smoking on pigmentation of their children's oral mucosa.
This study was carried out as a historical cohort. Participants were 400 healthy children, 10 to 11 years old who did not use any drugs. The passive smoker group included 200 children who at least one member in their family was a smoker. The control group included 200 children who did not have a smoker in their family. Furthermore, two groups were matched in the point of view of skin color. The children in the two groups were examined and oral pigmentation was recorded. Finally, the results were analyzed by the chi- square test.
Pigmentation was seen in 150 children (75%) in the experimental group and 122 children (61%) in the control group (P<0.005). The relative risk of oral pigmentation for children who were exposed to passive smoking was 1.23.
Based on the results of this study, passive smoking can induce gingival pigmentation in children.
口腔黏膜黑色素沉着由多种原因引起，其中之一是吸烟。香烟烟雾会给不吸烟但处于同一环境的人带来诸多副作用。本研究的目的是评估父母吸烟对其子女口腔黏膜色素沉着的影响。
本研究采用历史性队列研究方法。研究对象为400名10至11岁未使用任何药物的健康儿童。被动吸烟组包括200名其家庭中至少有一名成员吸烟的儿童。对照组包括200名其家庭中没有吸烟者的儿童。此外，两组在肤色方面进行了匹配。对两组儿童进行检查并记录口腔色素沉着情况。最后，采用卡方检验对结果进行分析。
实验组150名儿童（75%）出现色素沉着，对照组122名儿童（61%）出现色素沉着（P<0.005）。被动吸烟儿童口腔色素沉着的相对风险为1.23。
基于本研究结果，被动吸烟可导致儿童牙龈色素沉着。
