Souza Amanda de Moura, Bezerra Ilana Nogueira, Cunha Diana Barbosa, Sichieri Rosely
Department of Epidemiology, Instituto de Medicina Social, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil.
Rev Bras Epidemiol. 2011 Sep;14 Suppl 1:44-52. doi: 10.1590/s1415-790x2011000500005.
To evaluate markers of food intake of the telephone-based risk factor surveillance system for chronic diseases (VIGITEL) and the trend of these markers.
A total of 135,249 subjects from 27 Brazilian cities interviewed in the 2007 - 2009 surveys were evaluated. Eating habits were evaluated based on the frequency of intake of fruit, vegetables, beans, whole and skim milk, regular and diet/light soft drinks and visible fat in meat and poultry. These items were used to create a diet quality score and to identify dietary patterns in a cluster analysis.
Time trends indicated statistically significant increase in the frequency of intake of beans, whole milk and regular soft drinks and decline in vegetables and skim milk. There was an increase in the frequency of individuals who reported consuming beans daily, from 11 to 13%. Beans are considered as a protective factor and the prevalence of usual intake is still low. Over the past three years, less than 15% of the studied population reported eating the Brazilian recommended number of 3 servings of fruits and 3 servings of vegetables per day. As to the vegetable intake, a decrease from 5 to 3% was reported. The consumption of regular soft drinks had the highest increase, ranging from 60 to 67%. The assessed items showed a weak correlation and did not represent a sole healthy eating construct.
The diet quality of the Brazilians has gotten worst and eating markers that are associated with high risk of chronic diseases should be better qualified.
评估基于电话的慢性病风险因素监测系统（VIGITEL）的食物摄入指标及其变化趋势。
对2007 - 2009年调查中来自巴西27个城市的135249名受试者进行评估。根据水果、蔬菜、豆类、全脂和脱脂牛奶、常规和低糖/低热量软饮料以及肉类和家禽中可见脂肪的摄入频率来评估饮食习惯。这些项目用于创建饮食质量评分并通过聚类分析确定饮食模式。
时间趋势表明，豆类、全脂牛奶和常规软饮料的摄入频率有统计学意义的增加，而蔬菜和脱脂牛奶的摄入频率下降。报告每天食用豆类的个体频率从11%增加到13%。豆类被视为一种保护因素，但其通常摄入量的患病率仍然较低。在过去三年中，不到15%的研究人群报告每天食用巴西推荐的3份水果和3份蔬菜。至于蔬菜摄入量，报告从5%下降到3%。常规软饮料的消费量增长最高，从60%到67%。所评估的项目显示出弱相关性，并不代表单一的健康饮食结构。
巴西人的饮食质量变差，与慢性病高风险相关的饮食指标应得到更好的界定。
