CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Service d'Odontologie, Hôtel-Dieu, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
Gerodontology. 2012 Jun;29(2):e685-92. doi: 10.1111/j.1741-2358.2011.00545.x. Epub 2011 Oct 17.
The prevalence of malnutrition increases with age because of many factors. Edentulousness leads to the avoidance of many types of foods. The aim of this study was to determine whether elderly complete denture wearers have a higher risk of malnutrition than dentate controls.
A Mini-Nutritional Assessment (MNA) and a 3-day dietary record were compiled for a group of fully dentates (21 women and 29 men; mean age 70.1 ± 6.1) and for a group of complete denture wearers (31 women and 16 men; mean age 70.1 ± 8.1). Socio-demographic data and scores on the General Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) questionnaire were collected.
Inter-group comparison of MNA scores showed that more subjects in the edentulous group (21.3%) risked malnutrition than in the dentate group (0%). The variability of the MNA could be explained for 22% by dental status, 7% by loneliness and 4% by the GOHAI score (regression analysis). Both groups had insufficient energy intakes and deficits in vitamins and micronutrients; moreover, edentulous subjects had lower intakes than dentate subjects.
The use of conventional dentures increases the risk of malnutrition in the elderly.
由于多种因素，老年人的营养不良患病率会随着年龄的增长而增加。无牙导致许多类型的食物被回避。本研究旨在确定全口义齿佩戴者是否比有牙者更容易发生营养不良。
为一组全口义齿佩戴者（21 名女性和 29 名男性；平均年龄 70.1±6.1）和一组全口义齿佩戴者（31 名女性和 16 名男性；平均年龄 70.1±8.1）编制了迷你营养评估（MNA）和 3 天饮食记录。收集了社会人口统计学数据和一般口腔健康评估指数（GOHAI）问卷的评分。
MNA 评分的组间比较显示，无牙组（21.3%）有营养不良风险的受试者多于有牙组（0%）。MNA 的可变性可以通过牙齿状况解释 22%，孤独感解释 7%，GOHAI 评分解释 4%（回归分析）。两组的能量摄入均不足，维生素和微量营养素缺乏；此外，无牙组的摄入量低于有牙组。
使用传统义齿会增加老年人发生营养不良的风险。
