Vijaya Sheetal, Rodrigues Anisha, Garg Meenakshi, Vijaya Shilpa, Shetty Meghan J, Dhanania Shradha
Department of Prosthodontics and Crown and Bridge, AJ Institute of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Karnataka, India.
Department of Dietetics and Applied Nutrition, Welcomgroup Graduate School of Hotel Administration, MAHE, Manipal, Karnataka, India.
J Indian Prosthodont Soc. 2024 Oct 1;24(4):329-335. doi: 10.4103/jips.jips_166_24. Epub 2024 Oct 15.
This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a tailored progressive dietary intervention against the standard care instructions on the nutritional status and nutrient intake in geriatric patients receiving new complete dentures.
Randomized controlled trial.
A randomized controlled trial was conducted on completely edentulous patients seeking complete dentures. The participants were randomly allocated into two groups, and each group received a separate set of advice. The cognitive function was assessed using the mini-mental state examination (MMSE) form. The outcome measures were assessed at the baseline and 3 months after denture insertion. The Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) form was used to evaluate the nutritional status and the nutrient intake was calculated by a 3-day 24-h dietary recall and fed into the DietCal software.
The analysis was done using the independent sample t-test, paired sample t-test, and analysis of co-variance. The significance level was set at 0.05 for all tests.
In total, 68 participants completed the trial. There were no significant differences in food intake between the two groups at baseline. However, at 3-month follow-up, the intervention group displayed a statistically significant improvement in body mass index (BMI) compared to the control group. Although the nutrient intake such as protein, dietary fiber, total fat, calcium, carbohydrate, energy, iron, and Vitamin B12 was higher in the intervention group than in the control group, it was not statistically significant.
Simple, tailored dietary intervention with prosthetic restoration of the edentulous patients significantly improved BMI and MNA scores.
本研究旨在评估针对接受新型全口义齿修复的老年患者，量身定制的渐进性饮食干预措施相对于标准护理指导，在营养状况和营养摄入方面的有效性。
随机对照试验。
对寻求全口义齿修复的无牙颌患者进行随机对照试验。参与者被随机分为两组，每组接受一套不同的建议。使用简易精神状态检查表（MMSE）评估认知功能。在基线期和义齿植入后3个月评估结局指标。使用微型营养评定量表（MNA）评估营养状况，并通过3天24小时饮食回顾计算营养摄入量，并输入DietCal软件。
采用独立样本t检验、配对样本t检验和协方差分析。所有检验的显著性水平均设定为0.05。
共有68名参与者完成了试验。两组在基线期的食物摄入量无显著差异。然而，在3个月随访时，与对照组相比，干预组的体重指数（BMI）有统计学显著改善。虽然干预组的蛋白质、膳食纤维、总脂肪、钙、碳水化合物、能量、铁和维生素B12等营养素摄入量高于对照组，但差异无统计学意义。
对无牙颌患者进行简单的、量身定制的饮食干预，并进行义齿修复，可显著改善BMI和MNA评分。
