Laboratory for Zoonoses and Environmental Microbiology, Centre for Infectious Disease Control Netherlands, National Institute for Public Health and Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
Occup Environ Med. 2012 Feb;69(2):140-6. doi: 10.1136/oemed-2011-100068. Epub 2011 Oct 17.
Employees in different types of work may be intentionally or accidentally exposed to biological agents. Improved risk assessment is needed to identify opportunities to prevent work-related infectious disease. The objective of the current study was to perform a systematic literature review of work-related infectious disease to assist in the identification of occupational infectious disease risks. A literature search of papers on work-related infectious disease published between 1999 and 2008 yielded 1239 papers of which 242 met the selection criteria and were included in the review. The results of the systematic literature review were arranged in a matrix of occupational groups and exposure pathways. Increased risk from infectious diseases appeared to be concentrated in specific professions. Healthcare workers, workers in contact with animals, laboratory workers and refuse workers seem to have the highest risk of infection by a variety of pathogens. However, pathogens reported to be associated with closely related professions were different, indicating qualitative under-reporting. Arranging the results of this systematic review on work-related infectious diseases in a matrix of occupational groups and exposure pathways allowed the reliable identification of exposure hazards for specific occupational groups beyond currently reported diseases.
员工在不同类型的工作中可能会有意或无意地接触到生物制剂。需要改进风险评估，以确定预防与工作相关的传染病的机会。本研究的目的是对与工作相关的传染病进行系统的文献回顾，以协助确定职业传染病风险。对 1999 年至 2008 年间发表的与工作相关的传染病的文献进行了检索，共获得了 1239 篇论文，其中 242 篇符合选择标准，并纳入了综述。系统文献回顾的结果以职业群体和暴露途径的矩阵形式排列。传染病的风险似乎集中在特定的职业。医护人员、接触动物的工作人员、实验室工作人员和垃圾处理工人似乎有感染各种病原体的最高风险。然而，与密切相关的职业相关的病原体报道却不同，表明定性报告不足。将与工作相关的传染病的系统综述结果以职业群体和暴露途径的矩阵形式排列，可以可靠地确定特定职业群体的暴露危害，超出目前报告的疾病。
