Thanni Lateef O A
Associate Professor/Consultant Surgeon, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital/Olabisi Onabanjo University, Sagamu, Ogun State, Nigeria.
Prehosp Disaster Med. 2011 Aug;26(4):293-8. doi: 10.1017/S1049023X11006546. Epub 2011 Oct 7.
Trauma is a major health issue worldwide, but especially so in developing countries such as Nigeria, where no comprehensive, national, injury data exist. There is a need to better define the epidemiology of injury as a basis for formulation of violence and injury prevention strategy.
This is a systematic analysis of published data on the epidemiology of injuries.
The objective of this study was to describe the prevalent causes of injury among adults and children, and the causes of injury mortality.
The medical records of 15,694 patients from the age of two weeks to 95 years formed the analysed data set. The mean value of their ages was 27 ±13 years and the gender ratio (M:F) 2:1. The injury burden is 11.2/100,000 population. The prevalent causes of injury are: (1) road traffic crashes (RTCs) = 68.4 % of 9939 patients; (2) fall = 5.5%; (3) gunshot injury = 3.2%; and (4) burns = 2.4%. Among children, the leading causes are: (1) RTC = 33.9% of 2,199 patients; (2) fall = 29.1%; (3) foreign body related = 5.5%; (4) bites = 4.9%; and (5) burns = 4%. Mortality resulted mainly from head injury, 26.6% of 575, and hemorrhage 8.3%.
Road traffic incidents are the leading cause of injury among adults and children. Falls are six times more prevalent among children than for adults. Burns and firearm injuries are relatively uncommon. Injury mortality results mainly from head injury and hemorrhage.
创伤是全球范围内的一个主要健康问题，在尼日利亚等发展中国家尤为如此，该国尚无全面的全国性损伤数据。有必要更好地界定损伤的流行病学情况，以此作为制定暴力和损伤预防策略的基础。
这是一项对已发表的损伤流行病学数据的系统分析。
本研究的目的是描述成人和儿童中损伤的常见原因以及损伤致死原因。
15694例年龄从两周到95岁患者的病历构成了分析数据集。他们的平均年龄为27±13岁，性别比（男:女）为2:1。损伤负担为11.2/10万人口。损伤的常见原因如下：（1）道路交通事故（RTC）=9939例患者中的68.4%；（2）跌倒=5.5%；（3）枪伤=3.2%；（4）烧伤=2.4%。在儿童中，主要原因如下：（1）道路交通事故=2199例患者中的33.9%；（2）跌倒=29.1%；（3）与异物相关=5.5%；（4）咬伤=4.9%；（5）烧伤=4%。死亡主要由头部损伤导致，占575例中的26.6%，出血占8.3%。
道路交通事故是成人和儿童损伤的主要原因。儿童跌倒的发生率是成人的六倍。烧伤和火器伤相对不常见。损伤致死主要由头部损伤和出血导致。
