Department of Animal Science, Ankara University, Turkey.
Poult Sci. 2011 Nov;90(11):2642-7. doi: 10.3382/ps.2011-01359.
This study was conducted to determine the effect of hen production cycle (HPC) and the effect of egg weight (EW) at the same egg production level on egg quality, egg composition, hatchability, duckling quality, and first-week BW in Pekin ducks. For HPC, hatching eggs were obtained from different Pekin-duck breeder flocks, aged 31 wk for the first production cycle (HPC1) and 78 wk for the second production cycle (HPC2). For EW, there were 3 categories: heavy (H), medium (M), and light (L). Ten eggs from each HPC and EW group were analyzed for the determination of egg quality, and albumen and yolk compositions. Ninety eggs from each HPC and EW group were incubated for the determination of hatchability, and duckling weight and quality. After quality scoring, 20 ducklings (10 male and 10 female) from each group were weighed, and reared to 1 wk of age in a brooder machine to determine relative growth (RG). The results showed that the albumen index; Haugh unit; shell percentage; yolk moisture, ash, protein, lipids, and triglycerides; albumen moisture, ash, and protein; yolk fatty acid contents; hatching weight; duckling weights at 1 wk of age; and RG were significantly affected by HPC. Egg weight affected shell thickness, yolk and albumen indices, Haugh unit, yolk and albumen percentages, yolk to albumen ratio, shell percentage, yolk fatty acid content, hatching weight, duckling weight at 1 wk of age, and RG.
本研究旨在确定母鸡生产周期（HPC）和相同产蛋水平下蛋重（EW）对蛋品质、蛋成分、孵化率、雏鸭质量和首周 BW 的影响。对于 HPC，孵化蛋来自不同的北京鸭种鸡群，第 1 个生产周期（HPC1）为 31 周龄，第 2 个生产周期（HPC2）为 78 周龄。对于 EW，有 3 个类别：重（H）、中（M）和轻（L）。从每个 HPC 和 EW 组中抽取 10 个蛋进行蛋品质分析，并测定蛋清和蛋黄成分。从每个 HPC 和 EW 组中抽取 90 个蛋进行孵化率、雏鸭体重和质量的测定。在质量评分后，从每个组中随机选择 20 只雏鸭（10 只雄性和 10 只雌性）称重，并在育雏机中饲养至 1 周龄，以确定相对生长率（RG）。结果表明，蛋白指数；哈夫单位；蛋壳百分比；蛋黄水分、灰分、蛋白质、脂质和甘油三酯；蛋清水分、灰分和蛋白质；蛋黄脂肪酸含量；孵化体重；1 周龄雏鸭体重；和 RG 显著受 HPC 影响。蛋重影响蛋壳厚度、蛋黄和蛋清指数、哈夫单位、蛋黄和蛋清百分比、蛋黄与蛋清比例、蛋壳百分比、蛋黄脂肪酸含量、孵化体重、1 周龄雏鸭体重和 RG。
