Lossick J G
Division of Sexually Transmitted Diseases/HIV, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia 30333.
Rev Infect Dis. 1990 Jul-Aug;12 Suppl 6:S665-81. doi: 10.1093/clinids/12.supplement_6.s665.
Although much has been learned about sexually transmissible forms of vaginitis/vaginosis during the past decade, therapeutic options for these disorders remain limited. A single 2-g oral dose of metronidazole still remains highly effective against most Trichomonas vaginalis infections. Mildly resistant infections can usually be cured with metronidazole oral doses of 2 g daily for 3-7 days. When highly resistant infections occur, toxic levels of metronidazole may be needed for the drug to cure the infection. Metronidazole (500 mg twice daily for 7 days) continues to be highly efficacious in the treatment of bacterial vaginosis. Shorter oral treatment regimens that use single 2-g doses of metronidazole for 2-3 days appear promising but may be associated with higher relapse rates. Oral clindamycin (300 mg twice daily) or local 2% clindamycin cream (once daily for 7 days) also may be effective. Metronidazole intravaginal sponges (250-1,000 mg) used for 3 days may also be effective in the treatment of bacterial vaginosis.
尽管在过去十年中人们对性传播形式的阴道炎/阴道病已经有了很多了解,但这些疾病的治疗选择仍然有限。单次口服2克甲硝唑对大多数阴道毛滴虫感染仍然非常有效。轻度耐药感染通常可以通过每天口服2克甲硝唑,持续3 - 7天来治愈。当出现高度耐药感染时,可能需要使用达到中毒剂量的甲硝唑才能治愈感染。甲硝唑(每日两次,每次500毫克,共7天)在治疗细菌性阴道病方面仍然非常有效。使用单次2克剂量的甲硝唑进行2 - 3天的较短口服治疗方案似乎很有前景,但可能与较高的复发率有关。口服克林霉素(每日两次,每次300毫克)或局部使用2%克林霉素乳膏(每日一次,共7天)也可能有效。使用3天的含250 - 1000毫克甲硝唑的阴道海绵也可能有效治疗细菌性阴道病。