Okinawa Science and Technology Promotion Center, 12-75 Suzaki, Uruma, Okinawa 904-2234, Japan.
Anal Chem. 2011 Dec 1;83(23):8886-91. doi: 10.1021/ac200799j. Epub 2011 Nov 2.
Toxin profiles of representative ciguatera species caught at different locations of Japan were investigated in fish flesh by high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis. Identification and quantification of 16 toxins were facilitated by the use of 14 reference toxins prepared by either synthesis or isolation from natural sources and the previous LC-MS data thereof. Sodium adduct ions M + Na were used as parent and product ions. Distinct regional differences were unveiled: ciguatoxin-1B type toxins were found in snappers and groupers from Okinawa, ciguatoxin-3C type toxins were found in a spotted knifejaw, Oplegnathus punctatus, from Miyazaki located 730 km north of Okinawa, and both types of toxins were found in a red snapper, Lutjanus bohar, from Minamitorishima (Marcus) Island. Twelve toxins were identified in a dinoflagellate, Gambierdiscus toxicus, collected as the primary toxin source in French Polynesia. Occurrence of M-seco-toxins in fish and oxidized toxins in the dinoflagellate was confirmed for the first time. The present LC-MS/MS method is rapid, specific, and accurate. It not only outperforms the currently employed mouse bioassays but also enables the study of the toxin dynamics during the food chain transmission.
采用高效液相色谱-串联质谱（LC-MS/MS）分析，研究了日本不同产地代表性石斑鱼鱼肉中的毒素特征。通过使用 14 种由合成或从天然来源分离得到的参考毒素及其先前的 LC-MS 数据，促进了 16 种毒素的鉴定和定量。采用[M + Na]+作为母离子和子离子。结果揭示了明显的地域差异：冲绳产的鲷鱼和鱼立鱼中存在石房蛤毒素-1B 型毒素，宫城县产的点带石斑鱼，一种距离冲绳 730 公里的鱼类，存在石房蛤毒素-3C 型毒素，而红鲷鱼，一种产自南鸟岛（马库斯）的鱼类，同时存在这两种类型的毒素。在法属波利尼西亚采集的一种藻类冈比甲藻中鉴定出 12 种毒素。首次确认了鱼类中的 M-脱毒石房蛤毒素和藻类中的氧化毒素的存在。本研究建立的 LC-MS/MS 方法快速、特异、准确，不仅优于目前采用的小鼠生物测定法，还能用于研究食物链传递过程中的毒素动态。
