药物遗传学方法治疗酒精成瘾。
Pharmacogenetic approaches to the treatment of alcohol addiction.
机构信息
Laboratory of Clinical and Translational Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA. markus.heilig@mail. nih.gov
出版信息
Nat Rev Neurosci. 2011 Oct 20;12(11):670-84. doi: 10.1038/nrn3110.
Abstract
Addictive disorders are partly heritable, chronic, relapsing conditions that account for a tremendous disease burden. Currently available addiction pharmacotherapies are only moderately successful, continue to be viewed with considerable scepticism outside the scientific community and have not become widely adopted as treatments. More effective medical treatments are needed to transform addiction treatment and address currently unmet medical needs. Emerging evidence from alcoholism research suggests that no single advance can be expected to fundamentally change treatment outcomes. Rather, studies of opioid, corticotropin-releasing factor, GABA and serotonin systems suggest that incremental advances in treatment outcomes will result from an improved understanding of the genetic heterogeneity among patients with alcohol addiction, and the development of personalized treatments.
摘要
成瘾障碍部分是遗传性的、慢性的、复发性疾病，会造成巨大的疾病负担。目前可用的成瘾药物治疗方法仅取得中等程度的成功，在科学界以外仍受到相当大的怀疑，并未广泛采用作为治疗方法。需要更有效的医疗手段来改变成瘾治疗方法，并满足当前未满足的医疗需求。酒精中毒研究中的新出现的证据表明，不能期望单一的进展从根本上改变治疗效果。相反，对阿片类药物、促肾上腺皮质释放因子、GABA 和血清素系统的研究表明，通过更好地了解酒精成瘾患者的遗传异质性，以及开发个性化治疗方法，治疗效果将会逐步提高。
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