Crist Richard C, Berrettini Wade H
Center for Neurobiology and Behavior, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, 125 South 31st St., Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States.
Center for Neurobiology and Behavior, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, 125 South 31st St., Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States.
Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2014 Aug;123:25-33. doi: 10.1016/j.pbb.2013.10.018. Epub 2013 Nov 5.
Pharmacogenetic research has the potential to explain the variation in treatment efficacy within patient populations. Understanding the interaction between genetic variation and medications may provide a method for matching patients to the most effective therapeutic options and improving overall patient outcomes. The OPRM1 gene has been a target of interest in a large number of pharmacogenetic studies due to its genetic and structural variation, as well as the role of opioid receptors in a variety of disorders. The mu-opioid receptor (MOR), encoded by OPRM1, naturally regulates the analgesic response to pain and also controls the rewarding effects of many drugs of abuse, including opioids, nicotine, and alcohol. Genetic variants in OPRM1, particularly the non-synonymous polymorphism A118G, have been repeatedly associated with the efficacy of treatments for pain and various types of dependence. This review focuses on the current understanding of the pharmacogenetic impact of OPRM1, primarily with regard to the treatment of pain and addiction.
药物遗传学研究有潜力解释患者群体中治疗效果的差异。了解基因变异与药物之间的相互作用可能提供一种方法，使患者与最有效的治疗选择相匹配，并改善患者的总体治疗效果。由于其基因和结构变异，以及阿片受体在多种疾病中的作用，OPRM1基因一直是大量药物遗传学研究的关注目标。由OPRM1编码的μ-阿片受体（MOR）自然调节对疼痛的镇痛反应，还控制许多滥用药物（包括阿片类药物、尼古丁和酒精）的奖赏效应。OPRM1中的基因变异，特别是非同义多态性A118G，已多次与疼痛治疗和各种类型成瘾的疗效相关。本综述重点关注目前对OPRM1药物遗传学影响的理解，主要涉及疼痛治疗和成瘾方面。
