Department of Dentofacial Orthopedics and Orthodontics, Medical University of Wroclaw, ul. Krakowska 26, 50-425 Wroclaw, Poland.
Biol Trace Elem Res. 2012 May;146(2):272-80. doi: 10.1007/s12011-011-9233-4. Epub 2011 Oct 20.
In this paper, we report the results of an in vitro experiment on the release of metal ions from orthodontic appliances composed of alloys containing iron, chromium, nickel, silicon, and molybdenum into artificial saliva. The concentrations of magnesium, aluminum, silicon, phosphorus, sulfur, potassium, calcium, titanium, vanadium, manganese, iron, cobalt, copper, zinc, nickel, and chromium were significantly higher in artificial saliva in which metal brackets, bands, and wires used in orthodontics were incubated. In relation to the maximum acceptable concentrations of metal ions in drinking water and to recommended daily doses, two elements of concern were nickel (573 vs. 15 μg/l in the controls) and chromium (101 vs. 8 μg/l in the controls). Three ion release coefficients were defined: α, a dimensionless multiplication factor; β, the difference in concentrations (in micrograms per liter); and γ, the ion release coefficient (in percent). The elevated levels of metals in saliva are thought to occur by corrosion of the chemical elements in the alloys or welding materials. The concentrations of some groups of dissolved elements appear to be interrelated.
本文报告了一项关于正畸用含铁、铬、镍、硅和钼的合金制成的器具在人工唾液中释放金属离子的体外实验结果。在孵育金属托槽、带环和正畸丝的人工唾液中，镁、铝、硅、磷、硫、钾、钙、钛、钒、锰、铁、钴、铜、锌、镍和铬的浓度明显高于人工唾液。与饮用水中金属离子的最大允许浓度和推荐的每日剂量相比，有两个值得关注的元素是镍（实验组为 573μg/l，对照组为 15μg/l）和铬（实验组为 101μg/l，对照组为 8μg/l）。定义了三个离子释放系数：α，无量纲的乘法因子；β，浓度差（微克/升）；γ，离子释放系数（%）。认为唾液中金属水平升高是由于合金或焊接材料中的化学元素腐蚀所致。一些溶解元素组的浓度似乎相互关联。
