Department of Analytical Chemistry, High Polytechnic School, University of Seville, Seville, Spain.
J Sep Sci. 2011 Nov;34(22):3166-77. doi: 10.1002/jssc.201100461. Epub 2011 Oct 20.
In recent years, an increasing concern has risen about the presence of pharmaceuticals in the aquatic environment. Despite their toxicity, increasing consumption and release into the municipal sewage, only a few studies have been focused on cytostatic drugs, mainly due to the lack of methods for their simultaneous analysis. In this work, a method, based on solid-phase extraction prior to high-performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry determination, was optimized and validated for the simultaneous determination of some (14) of the most widely used cytostatic drugs in river water, influent and effluent wastewater. Process efficiency was in the range between 41 and 99% in real samples, except for cytarabine (24%), docetaxel (17%) and methotrexate (30%), due to suppression effects; precision values were <11%, except for gemcitabine (up to 19%); and detection limits were in the range between 0.1 and 38 ng/L. Cytarabine, doxorubicin, etoposide, gemcitabine, iphosphamide and vinorelbine were found at concentration levels up to 14 ng/L in influent and effluent wastewater, showing an insignificant decrease during sewage treatment; cytarabine and gemcitabine were found in effluent wastewater and were also detected in river water associated with effluent discharges.
近年来，人们越来越关注到药品在水生态环境中的存在。尽管这些药品具有毒性，且随着人们的不断使用和向城市污水中排放，其数量与日俱增，但仅有少数研究关注细胞抑制剂类药物，主要是因为缺乏同时分析它们的方法。在这项工作中，建立了一种基于固相萃取-高效液相色谱-三重四极杆质谱联用技术，用于同时测定河水中、污水进水中和污水出水中的一些（14）种常用细胞抑制剂类药物的方法。在实际样品中，除阿糖胞苷（24%）、多西他赛（17%）和甲氨蝶呤（30%）因抑制效应外，方法的萃取效率在 41%至 99%之间；除吉西他滨（高达 19%）外，精密度值均<11%；检测限在 0.1 至 38ng/L 之间。在污水进水中和出水中，检测到浓度高达 14ng/L 的阿糖胞苷、多柔比星、依托泊苷、吉西他滨、异环磷酰胺和长春瑞滨，表明在污水处理过程中它们的浓度没有明显降低；阿糖胞苷和吉西他滨在污水出水中被检出，并且在与污水排放相关的河水中也被检测到。
