Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, AB, Canada T6G 2G8.
J Biomech. 2012 Jan 3;45(1):9-16. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2011.09.020. Epub 2011 Oct 19.
This review is intended to highlight and discuss discrepancies in the literature of the periodontal ligament's (PDL) mechanical properties and the various analytical models, approaches and assumptions used in simulating its behaviour. The present study then offers to propose a model development that allows for a better phenomenological description of PDL behaviour under static, near clinical, orthodontic loading conditions.
Searches were performed on biomechanical and orthodontic publications (in databases: Compendex, EMBASE, MEDLINE, PubMed, ScienceDirect and Scopus).
The review revealed that significant variations exist, some on the order of six orders of magnitude, in the PDL's elastic constants and mechanical properties. Possible explanations may be attributable to different modelling approaches and behavioural assumptions.
The discrepancies highlight the need for further research into determining what the key factors that contribute to tooth movement are, their correlations and their degree of impact. Despite the PDL's definitive role in orthodontic tooth movement, proposed models of the PDL's mechanical behaviour thus far have been unsatisfactorily inadequate. Hence, there is a need to develop a robust PDL model that more accurately simulates the PDL's biomechanical response to orthodontic loads. Better understanding of the PDL's biomechanical behaviour under physiologic and traumatic loading conditions might enhance the understanding of the PDL's biologic reaction in health and disease. Providing a greater insight into the response of the PDL would be instrumental to orthodontists and engineers for designing more predictable, and therefore more efficacious, orthodontic appliances.
本文旨在突出并讨论牙周韧带（PDL）力学性能文献中的差异，以及模拟其行为所使用的各种分析模型、方法和假设。本研究旨在提出一种模型开发方法，以便更好地对 PDL 在静态、接近临床、正畸加载条件下的行为进行现象学描述。
在生物力学和正畸学出版物（数据库：Compendex、EMBASE、MEDLINE、PubMed、ScienceDirect 和 Scopus）中进行了检索。
综述表明，PDL 的弹性常数和力学性能存在显著差异，有些差异达到六个数量级。可能的解释可能归因于不同的建模方法和行为假设。
这些差异突出表明需要进一步研究确定哪些因素是导致牙齿移动的关键因素，它们的相关性及其影响程度。尽管 PDL 在正畸牙齿移动中起着决定性作用，但迄今为止提出的 PDL 力学行为模型仍不尽如人意。因此，需要开发一种稳健的 PDL 模型，以更准确地模拟 PDL 对正畸载荷的生物力学响应。更好地了解 PDL 在生理和创伤性加载条件下的生物力学行为，可能有助于理解 PDL 在健康和疾病中的生物学反应。更深入地了解 PDL 的反应将有助于正畸医生和工程师设计更具预测性、更有效的正畸器械。
