University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, School of Nursing, 6901 Bertner Ave, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Intensive Crit Care Nurs. 2011 Dec;27(6):299-304. doi: 10.1016/j.iccn.2011.08.005. Epub 2011 Oct 19.
The purpose of this study was to describe the pattern of dental plaque accumulation in mechanically ventilated adults. Accumulation of dental plaque and bacterial colonisation of the oropharynx is associated with a number of systemic diseases including ventilator associated pneumonia.
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY/DESIGN: Data were collected from mechanically ventilated critically ill adults (n=137), enrolled within 24 hours of intubation. Dental plaque, counts of decayed, missing and filled teeth and systemic antibiotic use was assessed on study days 1, 3, 5 and 7. Dental plaque averages per study day, tooth type and tooth location were analysed.
Medical respiratory, surgical trauma and neuroscience ICU's of a large tertiary care centre in the southeast United States.
Plaque: all surfaces >60% plaque coverage from day 1 to day 7; molars and premolars contained greatest plaque average >70%. Systemic antibiotic use on day 1 had no significant effect on plaque accumulation on day 3 (p=0.73).
Patients arrive in critical care units with preexisting oral hygiene issues. Dental plaque tends to accumulate in the posterior teeth (molars and premolars) that may be hard for nurses to visualise and reach; this problem may be exacerbated by endotracheal tubes and other equipment. Knowing accumulation trends of plaque will guide the development of effective oral care protocols.
本研究旨在描述机械通气成人中牙菌斑积累的模式。牙菌斑的积累和口咽部细菌定植与许多全身性疾病有关，包括呼吸机相关性肺炎。
研究方法/设计：数据来自于机械通气的重症成人（n=137），在插管后 24 小时内入组。在研究第 1、3、5 和 7 天评估牙菌斑、龋齿、缺失和填补的牙齿计数以及全身抗生素使用情况。分析了每个研究日、牙齿类型和牙齿位置的牙菌斑平均值。
美国东南部一家大型三级护理中心的医疗呼吸科、外科创伤科和神经科学 ICU。
牙菌斑：所有表面>60%的牙菌斑覆盖范围，从第 1 天到第 7 天；磨牙和前磨牙的牙菌斑平均值>70%。第 1 天使用全身抗生素对第 3 天的牙菌斑积累没有显著影响（p=0.73）。
患者进入重症监护病房时就存在口腔卫生问题。牙菌斑往往会在后面的牙齿（磨牙和前磨牙）上积累，这对护士来说可能难以观察和到达；这一问题可能会因气管内导管和其他设备而加剧。了解牙菌斑的积累趋势将指导制定有效的口腔护理方案。
