Institut Català de Paleontologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Edifici ICP, Campus de la UAB s/n, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain.
J Hum Evol. 2011 Dec;61(6):703-18. doi: 10.1016/j.jhevol.2011.09.003. Epub 2011 Oct 19.
The macaque material from the Early Pleistocene site of Quibas (Albanilla, Murcia, Spain), including dentognathic remains, isolated teeth and some postcranial bone fragments, is described. Both metrically and morphologically, this sample must be attributed to Macaca sylvanus (the Barbary macaque). This species is currently distributed through North Africa and Gibraltar, but was much more widely distributed during the Plio-Pleistocene, being represented by several European fossil subspecies. Metrical comparisons of dental size and proportions between extant M. s. sylvanus and fossil Macaca sylvanus florentina from the type locality and other Italian sites are undertaken, in order to classify the remains from Quibas at the subspecies level. The results show that the Quibas sample not only fits the range of variation of M. s. florentina from the type locality, but also differs from the extant Barbary macaque condition in several regards. This permits us to formally attribute the material from Quibas to M. s. florentina. The material described in this paper therefore significantly improves the knowledge of this fossil taxon, particularly regarding the upper dentition, and further confirms the taxonomic distinctiveness of this extinct taxon at the subspecies rank. Taken as a whole, M. s. florentina largely overlaps in dental dimensions with M. s. sylvanus, but differs from the latter by displaying (on average): (1) absolutely longer upper molars (especially M(1) and M(3)); (2) relatively wider upper molars (especially M(1) and M(2)); (3) longer M(3) as compared with the M(2); (4) absolutely longer M(1) and M(3); and (5) relatively narrower M(3).
本文描述了来自西班牙穆尔西亚阿尔巴尼利亚的 Quibas 早更新世遗址的猕猴材料，包括齿和颌骨遗骸、孤立的牙齿和一些后肢骨碎片。从度量和形态上看，这个样本必须归属于猕猴（巴巴利猕猴）。该物种目前分布于北非和直布罗陀，但在更新世期间分布范围更广，有几个欧洲化石亚种。对现生 M. s. sylvanus 和来自类型产地和其他意大利遗址的化石 Macaca sylvanus florentina 的牙齿大小和比例进行了度量比较，以便在亚种水平上对 Quibas 的遗骸进行分类。结果表明，Quibas 样本不仅符合 M. s. florentina 的变异范围，而且在几个方面与现生巴巴利猕猴的状况不同。这使我们能够正式将 Quibas 的材料归因于 M. s. florentina。本文描述的材料因此大大提高了对这个化石分类单元的认识，特别是在上颌牙齿方面，并进一步证实了这个灭绝分类单元在亚种级别上的分类独特性。总的来说，M. s. florentina 在牙齿尺寸上与 M. s. sylvanus 有很大的重叠，但与后者不同的是，它表现出（平均而言）：（1）上磨牙绝对更长（尤其是 M(1) 和 M(3)）；（2）上磨牙相对更宽（尤其是 M(1) 和 M(2)）；（3）M(3) 比 M(2) 长；（4）M(1) 和 M(3) 绝对更长；和（5）M(3) 相对较窄。
