Department of Pediatrics, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol. 2011 Jul-Sep;24(3 Suppl):S27-34. doi: 10.1177/03946320110240s305.
Perioperative anaphylactic as well as anaphylactoid reactions can be elicited by drugs, diagnostic agents, antiseptics, disinfectants and latex. In some individuals, allergic reactions occur in the absence of any evident risk factor. Previous history of specific safe exposure to a product does not permit to exclude the risk of having a reaction. We have systematically reviewed characteristics in the patient's history or clinical parameters that affect the risk of developing reactions during anesthesia. Evidence shows that patients with previous unexplained reaction during anesthesia are at risk for perioperative allergic reactions. An allergic reaction to an agent is associated with previous reaction to a product that is related with the culprit agent. Multiple surgery procedures, professional exposure to latex and allergy to fruit are associated with an increased frequency of latex allergy. It has been shown that in some instances, allergic perioperative reactions may be more common in atopic patients and in females.
围手术期过敏反应以及类过敏反应可由药物、诊断制剂、防腐剂、消毒剂和乳胶引发。在某些个体中，即使没有明显的风险因素，也会发生过敏反应。之前对某种产品有特定的安全暴露史，并不能排除发生反应的风险。我们已系统性地综述了影响麻醉期间发生反应风险的患者病史或临床参数的特点。证据表明，在麻醉期间发生过不明原因既往反应的患者有发生围手术期过敏反应的风险。对某种制剂的过敏反应与之前与可疑致敏剂相关的产品的反应相关。多次手术、专业接触乳胶和对水果过敏与乳胶过敏的发生率增加相关。已经表明，在某些情况下，特应性患者和女性中，围手术期过敏反应可能更为常见。
