Department of Pediatrics, University of Pavia, Italy.
Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol. 2011 Jul-Sep;24(3 Suppl):S21-6. doi: 10.1177/03946320110240s304.
The clinical diagnosis of an anesthesia-related immediate hypersensitivity reaction is a difficult task for clinicians. Anaphylaxis may present as cardiovascular collapse or airway obstruction, associated or not with cutaneous manifestations. Drug hypersensitivity reactions that occur during anesthesia are responsible for significant morbidity and mortality and socio-economic costs. Perioperative anaphylaxis is becoming more common, probably because of the more frequent use of anesthesia and the increasing complexity of the drugs used. However, despite increased awareness of anaphylactic reactions to drugs and compounds used in anesthesia, their incidence remains poorly defined. Moreover, current epidemiological data should be carefully evaluated since the various studies published concerned non-homogeneous populations and gave differing definitions of drug hypersensitivity.
临床诊断麻醉相关的即刻超敏反应对临床医生来说是一项艰巨的任务。过敏反应可能表现为心血管衰竭或气道阻塞，伴有或不伴有皮肤表现。麻醉期间发生的药物超敏反应会导致严重的发病率和死亡率以及社会经济成本。围手术期过敏反应越来越常见，可能是由于麻醉的使用更频繁，以及所用药物的复杂性增加。然而，尽管人们对麻醉中使用的药物和化合物的过敏反应有了更多的认识，但它们的发生率仍未得到明确界定。此外，目前的流行病学数据应仔细评估，因为发表的各种研究涉及非同质人群，并且对药物超敏反应的定义也不同。
