Dept of Anatomy, Government Medical College, GMC Nagpur, Nagpur 440003, Maharashtra, India.
Forensic Sci Int. 2012 Mar 10;216(1-3):200.e1-4. doi: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2011.09.022. Epub 2011 Oct 19.
A total 375 Indian children of age 1 day to 19 years were studied (male 194 and female 181). For determining the bone age (skeletal age), wrist and hand radiographs were taken. The skeletal age was determined by blinded review of radiograph using Greulich and Pyle atlas (2nd edition, 1959). If we consider all age group (1-19 years), the Indian boys were retarded in skeletal age by 0.7 years and females by 0.33 years. Male and female children skeletally lag behind the American standard (GP Atlas) in all age groups except 12-13 years age group in which girls are accelerated by 0.22 years. Chronological age and skeletal age difference of more than 1 year is seen between age group 7 years and 12 years in males. Females after second year showed a retardation, which ranged from 0.2 to 0.8 years, up to the age of 19 years. The present study concludes that, Greulich and Pyle atlas is not applicable to the Indian children of both sexes especially in middle and late childhood.
共研究了 375 名年龄在 1 天至 19 岁的印度儿童（男性 194 名，女性 181 名）。为了确定骨龄（骨骼年龄），拍摄了手腕和手部的 X 光片。使用 Greulich 和 Pyle 图谱（第二版，1959 年）对 X 光片进行盲法评估，以确定骨骼年龄。如果我们考虑所有年龄组（1-19 岁），印度男孩的骨骼年龄比美国标准（GP 图谱）落后 0.7 岁，女孩落后 0.33 岁。除了 12-13 岁年龄组的女孩骨骼年龄比美国标准（GP 图谱）快 0.22 岁外，所有年龄组的男童和女童骨骼年龄都落后于美国标准（GP 图谱）。在 7 岁至 12 岁年龄组的男孩中，发现了年龄组之间的差异，其差异超过了 1 年。女孩在第二年之后出现了落后，从 0.2 岁到 0.8 岁不等，直到 19 岁。本研究得出结论，Greulich 和 Pyle 图谱不适用于印度的男女儿童，尤其是在儿童中期和晚期。
