Nenoff Pietro, Tchernev Georgi, Paasch Uwe, Handrick Werner
Labor für medizinische Mikrobiologie, Mölbis, Germany.
Wien Med Wochenschr. 2011 Sep;161(17-18):426-32. doi: 10.1007/s10354-011-0027-2.
Non-tuberculous mycobacteria are rarely responsible for skin and soft tissue infections. These infections are caused by different mycobacterial species originating from the environment (water, soil, plants, and animals). Various factors influence the clinical manifestation of the cutaneous infection: the immunological situation of the patient, the degree of cutaneous impairment, and the extent of the contact with the contaminated environment. The clinical manifestation is non-specific and often the cause of extensive diagnostic activities. The diagnosis is based on the cultural detection of the causative pathogen. The management of these skin and subcutaneous infections is a challenge for each physician. The treatment comprises administration of several antibiotics and antituberculosis drugs for many months. Surgical procedures are necessary in some patients.
非结核分枝杆菌很少引起皮肤和软组织感染。这些感染由源自环境（水、土壤、植物和动物）的不同分枝杆菌种类引起。多种因素影响皮肤感染的临床表现：患者的免疫状况、皮肤损伤程度以及与污染环境的接触程度。临床表现不具特异性，常常引发广泛的诊断活动。诊断基于致病病原体的培养检测。对每位医生而言，这些皮肤和皮下感染的治疗都是一项挑战。治疗包括使用多种抗生素和抗结核药物数月。部分患者需要进行外科手术。
