Department of General Practice, Erasmus MC-University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2012 Mar;23(2):150-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-3038.2011.01219.x. Epub 2011 Oct 21.
Sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) as a therapy for the treatment of allergic rhinitis in children might be acceptable as an alternative for subcutaneous immunotherapy. However, the efficacy of SLIT with house dust mite extract is not well established.
To investigate whether SLIT in house dust mite-allergic children recruited in primary care is effective and safe.
Children aged 6-18 years (n = 251) recruited in primary care with a house dust mite-induced allergic rhinitis received either SLIT or placebo for 2 years. Symptoms and medication use were assessed throughout the study. Primary outcome parameter was the mean total nose symptom score (scales 0-12) during the autumn of the second treatment year. Safety was assessed by recording any adverse event.
Overall, the mean nose symptom score ± s.d. after 2 years of treatment showed no significant effect of SLIT (symptom score intervention group 2.26 ± 1.84 vs. placebo group, 2.02 ± 1.67; p = 0.08). There were no significant differences in secondary outcomes, nor in subgroup analyses. The number of patients reporting adverse events was comparable between both groups.
Sublingual immunotherapy with house dust mite allergen was not better than placebo in reducing rhinitis symptoms in house dust mite-allergic children in primary care. SLIT as administered in this study can be considered safe.
舌下免疫疗法（SLIT）作为一种治疗儿童过敏性鼻炎的疗法，可能可以替代皮下免疫疗法。然而，屋尘螨提取物的 SLIT 疗效尚未得到充分证实。
调查在初级保健中招募的屋尘螨过敏儿童接受 SLIT 的有效性和安全性。
在初级保健中招募了 6-18 岁的儿童（n = 251），他们对屋尘螨过敏并患有过敏性鼻炎，接受 SLIT 或安慰剂治疗 2 年。在整个研究过程中评估症状和药物使用情况。主要结局参数是第二年秋季治疗期间平均总鼻症状评分（0-12 分）。通过记录任何不良事件来评估安全性。
总体而言，经过 2 年治疗后，SLIT 的平均鼻症状评分（干预组 2.26 ± 1.84 与安慰剂组 2.02 ± 1.67；p = 0.08）没有显著效果。次要结局和亚组分析也没有显著差异。报告不良事件的患者人数在两组之间相当。
在初级保健中，屋尘螨过敏原的舌下免疫疗法并没有比安慰剂更能减轻屋尘螨过敏儿童的鼻炎症状。本研究中进行的 SLIT 可被认为是安全的。
