Private Office, Montferrier sur Lez, France ; 3 Chemin du Fescau, F-34980 Montferrier-sur-Lez, France.
Stallergenes, Antony, France.
Clin Transl Allergy. 2014 Apr 29;4:15. doi: 10.1186/2045-7022-4-15. eCollection 2014.
Allergen immunotherapy is a recognised intervention in patients with allergies not responding to standard pharmacotherapy or in whom pharmacotherapy is contraindicated. We describe the sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) regimens used in children and adolescents with house dust mite (HDM) respiratory allergies in France and assess the efficacy and safety of this treatment.
This was a sub-analysis of paediatric patients included in a previous retrospective, observational, multicentre study. Inclusion criteria were: age 5-17 years; respiratory allergy and proven sensitisation to HDM; at least 2 years follow-up after SLIT initiation. The following data were recorded at SLIT initiation: clinical characteristics; sensitisation profile; concomitant symptomatic medications; details of SLIT protocol. During follow-up and at the end of treatment the following data were recorded: any changes to SLIT treatment; any changes to symptomatic medications; symptom progression; adverse events. SLIT efficacy, patient compliance and satisfaction, and safety were assessed.
736 paediatric patients were included in this analysis. Most patients (95.5%) had allergic rhinitis, which was moderate to severe persistent in 62.8%. Allergic asthma was present in 64.0% and was mild to moderate persistent in 52.7% of these patients. The majority of patients had rhinitis with asthma (59.5%). Three-hundred and seventy five (62.3%) patients were polysensitised. Compliance was good in 86.5% of patients and SLIT was effective in 83.8%. Symptoms of rhinitis and asthma were improved in 64.6% and 64.3% of patients, respectively. A decrease in symptomatic medication was observed following SLIT initiation in patients with rhinitis and/or asthma. SLIT was well tolerated with mainly local reactions reported.
HDM SLIT appears to be effective in children and adolescents with rhinitis and/or asthma due to HDM allergens, with no tolerability issues and similar benefits as in adults.
变应原免疫疗法是一种公认的干预措施，适用于对标准药物治疗无反应或药物治疗禁忌的过敏患者。我们描述了法国尘螨（HDM）呼吸过敏儿童和青少年使用的舌下免疫疗法（SLIT）方案，并评估了这种治疗的疗效和安全性。
这是先前回顾性、观察性、多中心研究中纳入的儿科患者的亚分析。纳入标准为：年龄 5-17 岁；呼吸道过敏和对 HDM 有明确致敏；开始 SLIT 后至少随访 2 年。在开始 SLIT 时记录以下数据：临床特征；致敏谱；同时使用的对症药物；SLIT 方案的详细信息。在随访期间和治疗结束时记录以下数据：SLIT 治疗的任何变化；对症药物的任何变化；症状进展；不良事件。评估 SLIT 的疗效、患者依从性和满意度以及安全性。
本分析纳入了 736 名儿科患者。大多数患者（95.5%）有过敏性鼻炎，其中 62.8%为中重度持续性。过敏性哮喘存在于 64.0%的患者中，其中 52.7%为轻度至中度持续性。大多数患者有鼻炎伴哮喘（59.5%）。375 名（62.3%）患者为多敏。86.5%的患者依从性良好，83.8%的患者 SLIT 有效。鼻炎和哮喘的症状分别改善了 64.6%和 64.3%的患者。鼻炎和/或哮喘患者开始 SLIT 后，对症药物用量减少。SLIT 耐受性良好，主要报告局部反应。
HDM SLIT 似乎对因 HDM 过敏原引起的鼻炎和/或哮喘的儿童和青少年有效，无耐受性问题，与成人的益处相似。
