通过基于学校的教育和政策策略针对儿童：黑色素瘤预防中的癌症综合控制活动。

Targeting children through school-based education and policy strategies: comprehensive cancer control activities in melanoma prevention.

机构信息

Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30341, USA.

出版信息

J Am Acad Dermatol. 2011 Nov;65(5 Suppl 1):S104-13. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2011.05.036.

DOI:10.1016/j.jaad.2011.05.036

PMID:22018059

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Primary school-based educational strategies are proven interventions to raise children's awareness and knowledge about sun safety.

OBJECTIVE

We highlight barriers and facilitators to implementing interventions across multiple populations in 3 state comprehensive cancer control programs/partnerships that implemented primary school-based sun-safety educational programs.

METHODS

Using a case study approach, we collected semistructured program information and evaluation results from New Mexico's Raising Awareness in Youth about Sun Safety Project, the Sun Protection in Florida Project, and the Arizona SunWise Program.

RESULTS

Each program used different strategies for implementing school-based educational programs in their respective state based on local needs, funding constraints, and unique characteristics of their populations. Barriers to implementation included difficulties reaching schools and school administrators and changes in staff workload. Facilitators to implementation included using innovative recruitment approaches (mini grants, school assemblies), having community partners, reaching out to educators in various settings, and having program advocates within schools. Each program placed emphasis on supplementing educational programs with sun-safety policies.

LIMITATIONS

We only present a case study from 3 comprehensive cancer control programs/partnerships. Rigorous evaluation methods are needed to test the effectiveness of the various strategies that were used to implement these programs on a population-based level.

CONCLUSION

Partnerships and program advocates are important for successfully implementing and sustaining sun-safety programs. Innovative strategies for reaching school administrators are likely needed to effectively implement sun-safety programs and policies. School policy and environmental change are important and valued components of sun-safety programs.

摘要

背景

以小学为基础的教育策略已被证明是提高儿童对防晒安全意识和知识的干预措施。

目的

我们强调了在实施以小学为基础的防晒安全教育项目的三个州综合癌症控制计划/伙伴关系中，跨多个群体实施干预措施的障碍和促进因素。

方法

我们使用案例研究方法，从新墨西哥州提高青少年对防晒安全项目的认识、佛罗里达州防晒保护项目和亚利桑那州阳光智慧项目中收集了半结构化的项目信息和评估结果。

结果

每个项目都根据当地需求、资金限制和各自人群的独特特征，在各自的州使用不同的策略来实施基于学校的教育项目。实施的障碍包括难以接触到学校和学校管理人员，以及工作人员工作量的变化。实施的促进因素包括采用创新的招聘方法（小额赠款、学校集会）、拥有社区合作伙伴、在各种环境中与教育者联系，以及在学校内部有项目倡导者。每个项目都强调在防晒安全政策方面补充教育计划。