Cañas Jaclyn E, Qi Beibei, Li Shibin, Maul Jonathan D, Cox Stephen B, Das Sriya, Green Micah J
Department of Environmental Toxicology, The Institute of Environmental and Human Health, Texas Tech University, Box 41163, Lubbock, TX 79409-1163, USA.
J Environ Monit. 2011 Dec;13(12):3351-7. doi: 10.1039/c1em10497g. Epub 2011 Oct 24.
An increase in nanomaterial applications will likely lead to an increased probability of environmental exposures, raising concerns regarding the safety of these materials. Recent studies have indicated that manufactured nanomaterials, such as metal oxides, have the potential to be harmful to aquatic and terrestrial organisms. The majority of nano-metal oxide research addressing potential toxicological issues has been focused in aquatic environments with very little terrestrial data. This study characterized the acute and reproductive toxicity of zinc oxide (ZnO) and titanium dioxide (TiO(2)) to earthworms (Eisenia fetida) in a terrestrial system. Following a 14 d exposure, nano-sized ZnO on filter paper was acutely toxic to E. fetida, while nano-sized TiO(2) did not exhibit acute toxicity. In contrast, neither nano-sized ZnO nor TiO(2) exhibited acute toxicity to earthworms in sand. Both nano-sized ZnO and TiO(2), following a 4 week exposure, caused reproductive effects in earthworms in artificial soil. Overall, nano-sized ZnO exhibited greater toxicity than nano-sized TiO(2) in Eisenia fetida.
纳米材料应用的增加可能会导致环境暴露的可能性增加，引发对这些材料安全性的担忧。最近的研究表明，人造纳米材料，如金属氧化物，有可能对水生和陆生生物有害。大多数针对潜在毒理学问题的纳米金属氧化物研究都集中在水生环境中，陆地数据很少。本研究在陆地系统中表征了氧化锌（ZnO）和二氧化钛（TiO₂）对蚯蚓（赤子爱胜蚓）的急性和生殖毒性。经过14天的暴露，滤纸上的纳米级ZnO对赤子爱胜蚓具有急性毒性，而纳米级TiO₂ 未表现出急性毒性。相比之下，纳米级ZnO和TiO₂ 在沙子中对蚯蚓均未表现出急性毒性。经过4周的暴露，纳米级ZnO和TiO₂ 均对人工土壤中的蚯蚓产生了生殖影响。总体而言，在赤子爱胜蚓中，纳米级ZnO比纳米级TiO₂ 表现出更大的毒性。
