Kelley J M
University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson.
West J Med. 1990 Jul;153(1):65-9.
Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) for the treatment of upper urinary tract stone disease is held in high regard by the public and the profession. Although the efficacy is good (77.4% to 100%) for the treatment of 1- to 2-cm stones in select patients, ESWL may require the assistance of adjuvant procedures in as many as 26% of patients and may need repeating in as many as 32% of patients. These represent more difficult situations in which larger, more numerous, or harder stones may be present and in which ureteral stones are manipulated before treatment. The predominant adverse effect of ESWL treatment is the microvascular disruption of the tissues through which the shock waves pass. In addition, the procedure is painful, with many patients requiring narcotic analgesia. Long-term complications such as the new onset of hypertension have occurred in as many as 8% of treated patients, but much speculation about the long-term effects remains.
体外冲击波碎石术（ESWL）用于治疗上尿路结石病受到公众和业内的高度重视。尽管对于特定患者中1至2厘米结石的治疗效果良好（77.4%至100%），但ESWL在多达26%的患者中可能需要辅助程序的协助，并且在多达32%的患者中可能需要重复治疗。这些代表了更困难的情况，可能存在更大、更多或更硬的结石，并且在治疗前需要对输尿管结石进行处理。ESWL治疗的主要不良反应是冲击波穿过的组织的微血管破坏。此外，该手术很痛苦，许多患者需要麻醉镇痛。多达8%的接受治疗的患者出现了如新发高血压等长期并发症，但关于长期影响仍有很多猜测。
