Goeman J, Piot P
Department of Microbiology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerpen, Belgium.
Semin Dermatol. 1990 Jun;9(2):105-8.
We review some aspects of the epidemiology of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) in the developing countries of Africa and Latin America. Apart from their elevated prevalence, they are responsible for important morbidity in mother and child. Stillbirth, premature delivery, conjunctivitis, and respiratory tract morbidity of the neonate are frequently caused by STDs. Sequelae in adult women include pelvic inflammatory disease, ectopic pregnancy, and infertility. The emergence of antimicrobial resistance has complicated the picture in recent times. Genital ulcer disease is very common in developing countries, the most important being chancroid. Both continents are experiencing major epidemics of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection with different epidemiological characteristics than in the industrialized world. A link might exist between the high prevalence of STDs and the rapid heterosexual spread of HIV infection.
我们回顾了非洲和拉丁美洲发展中国家性传播疾病（STD）流行病学的一些方面。除了其高流行率外，它们还导致母婴出现重要的发病情况。死产、早产、结膜炎和新生儿呼吸道疾病常由性传播疾病引起。成年女性的后遗症包括盆腔炎、异位妊娠和不孕症。近年来，抗菌药物耐药性的出现使情况变得复杂。生殖器溃疡疾病在发展中国家非常常见，其中最重要的是软下疳。这两个大陆都在经历获得性免疫缺陷综合征（AIDS）和人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染的大流行，其流行病学特征与工业化国家不同。性传播疾病的高流行率与HIV感染通过异性快速传播之间可能存在联系。
