Wilson P W
Framingham Heart Study, Massachusetts 01701.
Am J Cardiol. 1990 Sep 4;66(6):7A-10A. doi: 10.1016/0002-9149(90)90562-f.
Lipoprotein cholesterol data from the Framingham Heart Study show that low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels are important in determining risk for coronary artery disease (CAD). Increased LDL and decreased HDL cholesterol levels are associated with an increase in CAD. Such relations are independent of the usual coronary risk factors, such as cigarette use and hypertension. A 1% greater LDL value is associated with slightly more than a 2% increase in CAD over 6 years; a 1% lower HDL value is associated with a 3 to 4% increase in CAD. Even at total cholesterol levels less than 200 mg/dl, lower HDL levels are associated with increased myocardial infarction rates in both men and women. Death from CAD is increased when HDL levels are low, but there is no such relation between HDL level and cancer death. Triglyceride levels were associated with CAD in Framingham men and women, but the association was no longer significant in men after adjustment for HDL levels. The major determinants for greater HDL levels in Framingham participants included female sex, estrogen use, leanness, greater alcohol intake, exercise, abstinence from smoking and lack of diuretic or beta-blocker use.
来自弗雷明汉心脏研究的脂蛋白胆固醇数据表明，低密度脂蛋白（LDL）和高密度脂蛋白（HDL）胆固醇水平对于确定冠状动脉疾病（CAD）风险很重要。LDL升高和HDL胆固醇水平降低与CAD风险增加相关。这种关系独立于常见的冠状动脉危险因素，如吸烟和高血压。LDL值每增加1%，6年内CAD风险增加略超过2%；HDL值每降低1%，CAD风险增加3%至4%。即使总胆固醇水平低于200mg/dl，较低的HDL水平也与男性和女性心肌梗死发生率增加相关。HDL水平低时CAD死亡风险增加，但HDL水平与癌症死亡之间不存在这种关系。弗雷明汉的男性和女性中甘油三酯水平与CAD相关，但在调整HDL水平后，男性中的这种关联不再显著。弗雷明汉参与者HDL水平较高的主要决定因素包括女性、使用雌激素、瘦、饮酒量增加、运动、戒烟以及未使用利尿剂或β受体阻滞剂。
