The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23187–8795, USA.
Addict Behav. 2012 Feb;37(2):187-92. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2011.09.017. Epub 2011 Oct 8.
Although previous research has demonstrated that individuals with parents who smoke are more likely to become smokers and are less successful in smoking cessation efforts compared with those without a smoking parent, the reasons for this link have not been established. In the current study, implicit attentional bias to smoking-related cues was investigated in college-age smokers, based on models of addiction that suggest that attention to drug-related cues plays an important role in drug addiction. Sixty-one participants completed a dot-probe task to measure attentional bias to smoking-related and matched non-smoking-related control pictures. Results indicated that while those who reported smoking occasionally did not demonstrate an attentional bias, daily smokers who had a smoking parent showed more of an attentional bias to the smoking cues than those without a smoking parent, but only to cues that did not contain human content. In addition to parental influence, nicotine dependence explained a significant portion of the variance in the attentional bias for daily smokers. Implications for models of nicotine addiction and the development of smoking cessation programs are discussed.
尽管先前的研究表明，父母吸烟的个体比没有吸烟父母的个体更容易成为吸烟者，并且在戒烟方面的成功率也较低，但这种关联的原因尚未确定。在当前的研究中，根据成瘾模型，调查了处于大学年龄的吸烟者对与吸烟相关的线索的内隐注意偏向，该模型表明对与毒品相关的线索的关注在药物成瘾中起着重要作用。61 名参与者完成了点探测任务，以测量对与吸烟相关的线索和匹配的非吸烟相关的控制图片的注意偏向。结果表明，虽然偶尔吸烟的人没有表现出注意偏向，但有吸烟父母的每日吸烟者对吸烟线索的注意偏向比没有吸烟父母的吸烟者更大，但仅对不包含人类内容的线索如此。除了父母的影响外，尼古丁依赖还解释了每日吸烟者注意偏向差异的很大一部分。讨论了尼古丁成瘾模型和戒烟计划发展的意义。
