Sawasdivorn Siraporn, Taeviriyakul Suwanna
Department of Pediatrics, Queen Sirikit National Institute of Child Health, College, of Medicine, Rangsit University, Bangkok, Thailand.
J Med Assoc Thai. 2011 Aug;94 Suppl 3:S178-82.
To compare the incidence of anemia between infants who received exclusive breast feeding (EBF) up to the age of 6 months and those who did not.
A cross sectional survey was conducted to examine the physical growth, incidence of anemia, mean hematocrit (Hct) level and other red cell indices among 6-month-old infants visiting a well-child clinic at QSNICH and Ramathibodi Hospital.
63 infants were included in the present study: 24 (38%) EBF group; and 39 (62%) non-EBF group. Mean Hct of EBF group was 34.5 +/- 1.7 and Non-EBF group was 35.1 +/- 2.3% respectively. The prevalence of anemia in the EBF group was 4.2%, non-EBF group was 12.8%. Even though the findings were not statistically significant, the authors found that the red blood cell indices in an anemic infant in the EBF group were not caused by iron deficiency, while the 4 of 5 anemic infants in the Non-EBF group were related to iron deficiency anemia (80%). Other growth parameters were compared between the two groups.
The present study did not show statistical difference regarding the different hematocrit and other red blood cell indices including other fundamental background but the prevalence of anemia appeared to be higher among Non-EBF compared to EBF up to 6 months. The cause of anemia was not related to iron deficiency anemia in the EBF group compared to those higher and related to iron deficiency anemia in the Non-EBF group.
EBF up to 6 months should be advocated given its substantial health benefit and does not increase the risk of anemia. Nevertheless, it is essential that mothers receive adequate nutritional supplement including iron during pregnancy and lactation period.
比较6个月龄前接受纯母乳喂养（EBF）的婴儿与未接受纯母乳喂养的婴儿之间贫血的发生率。
进行了一项横断面调查，以检查在QSNICH和拉玛蒂博迪医院儿童健康门诊就诊的6个月龄婴儿的身体生长情况、贫血发生率、平均血细胞比容（Hct）水平及其他红细胞指标。
本研究纳入63名婴儿：24名（38%）为纯母乳喂养组；39名（62%）为非纯母乳喂养组。纯母乳喂养组的平均血细胞比容为34.5±1.7，非纯母乳喂养组为35.1±2.3%。纯母乳喂养组贫血患病率为4.2%，非纯母乳喂养组为12.8%。尽管研究结果无统计学意义，但作者发现纯母乳喂养组贫血婴儿的红细胞指标并非由缺铁引起，而非纯母乳喂养组5名贫血婴儿中有4名与缺铁性贫血有关（80%）。对两组的其他生长参数进行了比较。
本研究在血细胞比容及其他红细胞指标（包括其他基本背景）方面未显示出统计学差异，但在6个月龄前，非纯母乳喂养组的贫血患病率似乎高于纯母乳喂养组。与非纯母乳喂养组贫血与缺铁性贫血相关且发生率较高相比，纯母乳喂养组贫血的原因与缺铁性贫血无关。
鉴于纯母乳喂养具有显著的健康益处且不会增加贫血风险，应提倡6个月龄前进行纯母乳喂养。然而，母亲在孕期和哺乳期接受包括铁在内的充足营养补充至关重要。
