Kim Gab Jung, Yun Mi-Ran, Koo Min Jee, Shin Bo-Gyeong, Lee Joo-Shil, Kim Sung Soon
Division of AIDS, Department of Immunology and Pathology, National Institute of Health South Korea, Cheongwon-gun, Chungcheongbuk-do, Korea.
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2012 Aug;28(8):880-4. doi: 10.1089/AID.2011.0267. Epub 2012 Mar 8.
The majority of Korean human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) isolates are composed of the Korean clade B strain that is distinct from the subtype B prevalent in North America and Europe. However, it is still not clear how HIV-1 was introduced, transmitted, and evolved within the Korean population. To identify the evolutionary characteristics of Korean HIV-1, we estimate the molecular epidemic history of HIV-1 subtype B gp120 env in Korea in comparison with sequences isolated from other geographic locations. A Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) statistical inference was used to estimate the time of divergence of subtype B. The estimated time of divergence of subtype B and the distinct monophyletic Korean B cluster was estimated to be in the early and mid-1960s, respectively. Substitution rates were estimated at 7.3×10(-3) and 8.0×10(-3) substitutions per site per year for HIV-1 subtype B and Korean clade B, respectively. The demographic dynamics of two Korean data sets showed that the effective number of infections in Korea increased rapidly until the early 1980s, and then the rate only slowly increased until the mid-1990s when the population growth approached a steady-state. These results suggest that the growth rate of prevalent HIV-1 strains in Korea was lower than in other countries, suggesting that the evolution of HIV-1 Korean clade B was relatively slow. Furthermore, the limited transmission of HIV-1 within the Korean population likely led to the independent evolution of this virus to form the HIV-1 Korean clade B.
大多数韩国1型人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV-1）分离株由韩国B亚型毒株组成，该毒株与在北美和欧洲流行的B亚型不同。然而，HIV-1是如何在韩国人群中传入、传播和进化的仍不清楚。为了确定韩国HIV-1的进化特征，我们将韩国HIV-1 B亚型gp120 env的分子流行病史与从其他地理位置分离的序列进行比较来进行估计。采用贝叶斯马尔可夫链蒙特卡罗（MCMC）统计推断来估计B亚型的分化时间。估计B亚型和独特的单系韩国B簇的分化时间分别在20世纪60年代早期和中期。HIV-1 B亚型和韩国B亚型的替换率估计分别为每年每个位点7.3×10(-3)和8.0×10(-3)个替换。两个韩国数据集的人口动态表明，韩国的有效感染数在20世纪80年代早期之前迅速增加，然后在20世纪90年代中期人口增长接近稳态之前，增长率仅缓慢上升。这些结果表明，韩国流行的HIV-1毒株的增长率低于其他国家，这表明韩国B亚型HIV-1的进化相对缓慢。此外，HIV-1在韩国人群中的有限传播可能导致了这种病毒的独立进化，从而形成了韩国B亚型HIV-1。
