University of Cambridge, UK.
Int J Psychol. 2011 Apr 1;46(2):81-90. doi: 10.1080/00207594.2010.526121.
The present research compared Canadian and Spanish youths' perceptions of the potential benefits and drawbacks of driving under the influence of alcohol (DUI) and riding with a drunk driver (RDD). Eighty (41 female) Canadian and 87 (71 female) Spanish undergraduates completed a survey asking about their past and forecasted engagement in DUI and RDD, and their perceptions of the benefits and drawbacks of DUI and RDD. A sizeable proportion of both samples reported DUI and RDD in the past year. Past risk takers forecasted significantly greater chances of engaging in these behaviors in the following year compared to those who had not engaged in DUI and RDD. Both samples provided significantly more drawbacks than benefits of DUI and RDD. Whereas the benefits of both behaviors tended to refer to personal effects (e.g., save money, arrive faster) that occurred before, during, or after driving, the drawbacks referred to a range of outcomes (e.g., accident, kill/injure, penal sanction) that mostly occurred during driving. Although Canada and Spain differ in important respects (e.g., potential penalty for DUI), there were similarities in the two samples' perceptions of DUI and RDD. Young people are aware of the costs of these risky behaviors but nevertheless engage in them. These findings can inform theories of the co-occurrence of risky driving behaviors, and the development of prevention programs that focus on perceived outcomes.
本研究比较了加拿大和西班牙年轻人对酒后驾车（DUI）和酒后乘车（RDD）的潜在好处和坏处的看法。80 名（41 名女性）加拿大和 87 名（71 名女性）西班牙本科生完成了一项调查，询问他们过去和预测的 DUI 和 RDD 参与情况，以及他们对 DUI 和 RDD 的好处和坏处的看法。两个样本中都有相当一部分人在过去一年中报告了 DUI 和 RDD。过去的风险承担者预测在未来一年中从事这些行为的可能性明显大于那些没有从事 DUI 和 RDD 的人。两个样本都认为 DUI 和 RDD 的坏处明显多于好处。虽然这两种行为的好处往往涉及到驾驶前、驾驶中和驾驶后发生的个人影响（例如省钱、更快到达），但坏处则涉及到一系列后果（例如事故、杀害/伤害、刑事处罚），这些后果大多发生在驾驶过程中。尽管加拿大和西班牙在重要方面存在差异（例如 DUI 的潜在处罚），但两个样本对 DUI 和 RDD 的看法存在相似之处。年轻人意识到这些危险行为的代价，但仍会从事这些行为。这些发现可以为风险驾驶行为的共同发生理论提供信息，并为关注感知后果的预防计划提供信息。
