Lack Gideon, Penagos Martin
Children's Allergies Department, St. Thomas' Hospital, Kings College London, London, UK.
Nestle Nutr Workshop Ser Pediatr Program. 2011;68:169-83; discussion 183-6. doi: 10.1159/000325855. Epub 2011 Oct 3.
Despite increasing efforts to prevent food allergies in children, IgE-mediated food allergies continue to rise in westernized countries. Previous preventive strategies such as prolonged exclusive breastfeeding and delayed weaning onto solid foods have more recently been called into question. The present review discusses possible risk factors and theories for the development of food allergy. An alternative hypothesis is proposed, suggesting that early cutaneous exposure to food protein through a disrupted skin barrier leads to allergic sensitization and that early oral exposure of food allergen induces tolerance. Novel interventional strategies to prevent the development of food allergies are also discussed.
尽管在预防儿童食物过敏方面付出了越来越多的努力，但在西方国家，IgE介导的食物过敏仍在增加。以前的预防策略，如延长纯母乳喂养时间和推迟引入固体食物，最近受到了质疑。本综述讨论了食物过敏发生的可能风险因素和理论。提出了另一种假设，表明通过受损的皮肤屏障早期皮肤接触食物蛋白会导致过敏致敏，而早期口服食物过敏原会诱导耐受。还讨论了预防食物过敏发生的新型干预策略。
