Department of Surgery, Southwestern Center for Minimally Invasive Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-9156, USA.
Surg Endosc. 2012 Apr;26(4):1170-80. doi: 10.1007/s00464-011-2013-6. Epub 2011 Nov 2.
This study aimed to evaluate the surgeon performance and workload of a next-generation magnetically anchored camera compared with laparoscopic and flexible endoscopic imaging systems for laparoscopic and single-site laparoscopy (SSL) settings.
The cameras included a 5-mm 30° laparoscope (LAP), a magnetically anchored (MAGS) camera, and a flexible endoscope (ENDO). The three camera systems were evaluated using standardized optical characteristic tests. Each system was used in random order for visualization during performance of a standardized suturing task by four surgeons. Each participant performed three to five consecutive repetitions as a surgeon and also served as a camera driver for other surgeons. Ex vivo testing was conducted in a laparoscopic multiport and SSL layout using a box trainer. In vivo testing was performed only in the multiport configuration and used a previously validated live porcine Nissen model.
Optical testing showed superior resolution for MAGS at 5 and 10 cm compared with LAP or ENDO. The field of view ranged from 39 to 99°. The depth of focus was almost three times greater for MAGS (6-270 mm) than for LAP (2-88 mm) or ENDO (1-93 mm). Both ex vivo and in vivo multiport combined surgeon performance was significantly better for LAP than for ENDO, but no significant differences were detected for MAGS. For multiport testing, workload ratings were significantly less ex vivo for LAP and MAGS than for ENDO and less in vivo for LAP than for MAGS or ENDO. For ex vivo SSL, no significant performance differences were detected, but camera drivers rated the workload significantly less for MAGS than for LAP or ENDO.
The data suggest that the improved imaging element of the next-generation MAGS camera has optical and performance characteristics that meet or exceed those of the LAP or ENDO systems and that the MAGS camera may be especially useful for SSL. Further refinements of the MAGS camera are encouraged.
本研究旨在评估下一代磁锚定相机的外科医生表现和工作负荷，与腹腔镜和单部位腹腔镜（SSL）环境下的腹腔镜和柔性内镜成像系统进行比较。
该相机包括 5 毫米 30°腹腔镜（LAP）、磁锚定（MAGS）相机和柔性内镜（ENDO）。使用标准化的光学特性测试评估这三种相机系统。每个系统以随机顺序用于在四位外科医生进行标准化缝合任务时进行可视化。每位参与者作为外科医生进行三到五次连续重复，并且还作为其他外科医生的相机驱动程序。在腹腔镜多端口和 SSL 布局中，在一个箱子训练器上进行离体测试。仅在多端口配置中进行体内测试，并使用先前验证的活猪 Nissen 模型。
光学测试显示，MAGS 在 5 厘米和 10 厘米处的分辨率优于 LAP 或 ENDO。视野范围为 39 到 99°。MAGS 的景深几乎是 LAP（2-88 毫米）或 ENDO（1-93 毫米）的三倍。多端口离体和体内联合外科医生表现，LAP 明显优于 ENDO，但 MAGS 没有明显差异。对于多端口测试，LAP 和 MAGS 的工作负荷评分明显低于 ENDO，而 LAP 的体内评分明显低于 MAGS 或 ENDO。对于离体 SSL，未检测到明显的性能差异，但相机驱动程序认为 MAGS 的工作负荷明显低于 LAP 或 ENDO。
数据表明，下一代 MAGS 相机的改进成像元件具有光学和性能特征，满足或超过 LAP 或 ENDO 系统的要求，并且 MAGS 相机可能特别适用于 SSL。鼓励进一步改进 MAGS 相机。
