University of Calgary, Canada.
J Health Psychol. 2000 May;5(3):273-83. doi: 10.1177/135910530000500309.
Health and illness in contemporary psychology are remarkably undertheorized, with the consequence that implicit definitions of these topics are unquestionably imported into health psychology. Largely inspired and oriented to the medical system, health psychology is often subservient to biomedically inspired theory or directed to solving the problems of the health care system, not those of its patients or those who might ultimately benefit from health knowledge. Qualitative approaches have attempted to reintroduce the voice of the patient/sufferer/individual back into health psychology but without adequate theoretical integration this work has been marginalized and ignored by mainstream health psychology in the service of medical modelling. The point is not to develop a health psychology as an exclusive disciplinary enclave but rather to open up the possibilities of a responsible knowing. Using Kathryn Addelson's work on professional knowing I argue that the collective activity that constitutes health psychology can be made more explicit not only by devising reflexive theories and practices but by focusing on what the outcomes of that activity might be. Functional theories of health and illness, on the other hand, obscure our epistemological and moral commitments.
当代心理学对健康和疾病的研究还远远不够，其结果是，这些主题的隐含定义无疑被引入到健康心理学中。健康心理学主要受到医学体系的启发和指导，往往服从于生物医学启发的理论，或致力于解决医疗保健系统的问题，而不是患者或那些最终可能从健康知识中受益的人的问题。定性方法试图将患者/受苦者/个体的声音重新引入健康心理学，但由于缺乏充分的理论整合，这项工作已被主流健康心理学边缘化和忽视，以服务于医学模式。关键不是要发展一种排他性的健康心理学学科领域，而是要开拓负责任的认知的可能性。我利用凯瑟琳·阿德尔斯顿（Kathryn Addelson）关于专业认知的研究成果，认为不仅可以通过设计反思性理论和实践，而且可以通过关注该活动的结果，使构成健康心理学的集体活动更加明确。另一方面，健康和疾病的功能理论掩盖了我们的认识论和道德承诺。
