Shrestha S, Dangol Singh S, Shrestha M, Shrestha R P B
Department of Pediatrics, Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University Hospital, Dhulikhel, Kavre.
JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc. 2010 Oct-Dec;50(180):286-90.
Preterm birth is a major problem associated with maximum perinatal mortality and morbidity in developed and developing countries. The aim of this study is to identify risk factors associated with preterm birth and to study morbidities and mortality.
A descriptive retrospective study was conducted on 164 cases of preterm babies admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Unit from January, 2007 to December, 2009
Incidence of preterm birth was 19.5%. Mean birth weight was 1670 +/- 370 grams and mean gestational age was 30.02 +/- 0.37 weeks. Common risk factor associated with preterm birth were inadequate antenatal checkup (52%), maternal age <20 years (34.7%), ante partum hemorrhage (23.4%) and pregnancy induced hypertension (13.1%). Common morbidities were clinical sepsis (66.7%), hyperbilirubinemia (58.8%), birth asphyxia (26.8%) and hyaline membrane disease (23.5%). Overall survival was 79.4% with minimum age of survival of 880 grams. The mortality rate in extremely low birth rate and very low birth rate was 80% and 39.5% respectively. The common causes of death were hyaline membrane disease (64.5%), sepsis (58.06%) and necrotizing enterocolitis (25.8%).
The main risk factors for preterm delivery were inadequate antenatal check up, maternal age <20 years, antepartum hemorrhage and pregnancy induced hypertension. The most common morbidity was clinical sepsis followed by hyperbilirubinemia. Common causes of death were hyaline membrane disease and sepsis.
早产是发达国家和发展中国家围产期死亡率和发病率最高的主要问题。本研究的目的是确定与早产相关的危险因素，并研究发病率和死亡率。
对2007年1月至2009年12月入住新生儿重症监护病房的164例早产婴儿进行了描述性回顾性研究。
早产发生率为19.5%。平均出生体重为1670±370克，平均孕周为30.02±0.37周。与早产相关的常见危险因素是产前检查不足（52%）、母亲年龄<20岁（34.7%）、产前出血（23.4%）和妊娠高血压（13.1%）。常见的疾病有临床败血症（66.7%）、高胆红素血症（58.8%）、出生窒息（26.8%）和透明膜病（23.5%）。总体存活率为79.4%，最低存活年龄为880克。极低出生体重儿和超低出生体重儿的死亡率分别为80%和39.5%。常见的死亡原因是透明膜病（64.5%）、败血症（58.06%）和坏死性小肠结肠炎（25.8%）。
早产的主要危险因素是产前检查不足、母亲年龄<20岁、产前出血和妊娠高血压。最常见的疾病是临床败血症，其次是高胆红素血症。常见的死亡原因是透明膜病和败血症。
