New York State Psychiatric Institute, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY 10032, USA.
Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am. 2011 Oct;20(4):639-49. doi: 10.1016/j.chc.2011.07.002. Epub 2011 Sep 23.
Individuals born with a somatic disorder of sex development (DSD) have high rates of gender-atypical behavior, gender uncertainty, gender dysphoria, and patient-initiated gender change in childhood, adolescence,and adulthood. This article addresses the issues a mental health services provider has to consider in evaluating and assisting such patients and provides examples of assessment-method batteries. To date, the World Professional Association for Transgender Health's Standards of Care, 6th version, for non-DSD patients with gender dysphoria, may be cautiously used for guidance, taking into account the considerable differences in presentation and medical context between gender dysphoric patients with and without a DSD.
患有性发育障碍（DSD）的个体在儿童、青少年和成年期具有较高的性别非典型行为、性别不确定性、性别焦虑和患者发起的性别改变率。本文讨论了心理健康服务提供者在评估和帮助此类患者时必须考虑的问题，并提供了评估方法组合的示例。迄今为止，世界跨性别健康专业协会第 6 版的非 DSD 性别焦虑患者护理标准，可以谨慎地用于指导，同时考虑到具有和不具有 DSD 的性别焦虑患者在表现和医疗背景方面存在的相当大差异。
