Klin Mikrobiol Infekc Lek. 2011 Aug;17(4):129-34.
Nosocomial infections associated with biofilm formation have been a serious problem in recent years. Up to 32 % of them are urinary tract infections in patients with long-dwelling catheters. Catheters represent an ideal surface for bacterial adhesion, facilitating easier colonization of the urinary tract. Important pathogens causing these infections are bacteria of the genus Proteus that colonize catheters not only by biofilm formation but also using other virulence factors. Those were developed for survival in the host organism and are also used by bacteria to infect the host or fight the defence mechanisms. The study focused on the following selected virulence factors: swimming, swarming and twitching motility, swarming motility across various types of urinary catheters, biofilm formation in various media, formation of biofilm on catheters, haemolysin and urease production. A total of 102 strains isolated from urinary catheters and 50 strains isolated from stools were analyzed. In twitching motility, a difference between strains isolated from catheters and stools was statistically significant (p = 0.012). In swimming and swarming motility, the difference was not significant (p = 0.074 and p = 0.809, respectively). In motility across various catheter types, a statistically significant difference was found in strains isolated from both catheters and stools (p « 0.01 in both cases). For biofilm formation analyses, BHI and BHI with 4 % glucose were used. In BHI, biofilm was produced by all strains, with 65% of catheter strains and 88 % of strains from stools being strong producers. Similarly, all strains produced biofilm in BHI with 4 % glucose, with strong producers in 94 % and 92 % of strains isolated from catheters and stools, respectively. In formation of biofilm on catheters, there was a statistical difference between strains from catheters and stools (p = 0.00008). All strains isolated from both catheters and stools produced urease; no difference in urease production was statistically significant (p = 0.653). On agar with washed sheep erythrocytes, haemolysin production was not detected in any of the isolated strains. The quantitative method using horse erythrocytes revealed haemolysis production in three strains isolated from catheters.
近年来，与生物膜形成相关的医院感染一直是个严重问题。其中高达32%是长期留置导管患者的尿路感染。导管是细菌黏附的理想表面，便于细菌更容易地在尿道定植。引起这些感染的重要病原体是变形杆菌属细菌，它们不仅通过形成生物膜，还利用其他毒力因子在导管上定植。这些毒力因子是为在宿主体内存活而进化出来的，细菌也利用它们来感染宿主或对抗宿主的防御机制。该研究聚焦于以下选定的毒力因子：游动、群集和颤动运动性、不同类型导尿管上的群集运动性、不同培养基中的生物膜形成、导管上的生物膜形成、溶血素和脲酶的产生。共分析了从导尿管分离出的102株菌株和从粪便中分离出的50株菌株。在颤动运动性方面，从导管和粪便中分离出的菌株之间存在统计学显著差异（p = 0.012）。在游动和群集运动性方面，差异不显著（分别为p = 0.074和p = 0.809）。在不同类型导管上的运动性方面，从导管和粪便中分离出的菌株均存在统计学显著差异（两种情况下p均＜0.01）。对于生物膜形成分析，使用了脑心浸液肉汤（BHI）和含4%葡萄糖的BHI。在BHI中，所有菌株都能产生生物膜，其中65%的导管菌株和88%的粪便菌株是强生产者。同样，所有菌株在含4%葡萄糖的BHI中都能产生生物膜，从导管和粪便中分离出的菌株中分别有94%和92%是强生产者。在导管上生物膜的形成方面，从导管和粪便中分离出的菌株之间存在统计学差异（p = 0.00008）。从导管和粪便中分离出的所有菌株都能产生脲酶；脲酶产生的差异无统计学显著性（p = 0.653）。在含有洗涤过的绵羊红细胞的琼脂上，任何分离出的菌株均未检测到溶血素的产生。使用马红细胞的定量方法显示，从导管中分离出的三株菌株能产生溶血。
