Syngenta Crop Protection, Werk Stein, Stein, Switzerland.
Pest Manag Sci. 2012 Apr;68(4):634-8. doi: 10.1002/ps.2307. Epub 2011 Nov 2.
The neonicotinoid class of insecticides is a key component of pest management strategies used by stone fruit producers in Europe. Neonicotinoids are currently one of the most important tools for control of the peach-potato aphid (Myzus persicae). Overreliance on neonicotinoids has led to the development of resistance through a combination of metabolic and target-site resistance mechanisms in individual aphids. A resistance monitoring project was conducted by Syngenta in 2010 to determine the resistance status of M. persicae populations collected from France and Spain, and to determine the frequency of the target-site mutation in those populations.
Resistance monitoring suggests that resistance to neonicotinoids is relatively widespread in populations of M. persicae collected from peach orchards in the Languedoc-Roussillon, Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur and Rhone-Alpes regions of France, and resistance can be associated with the frequency of the target-site mutation (R81T). The R81T mutation in its heterozygous form is also present in Spanish populations and is associated with neonicotinoid resistance.
The widespread nature of neonicotinoid resistance in southern France and the potential for resistance development in northern Spain highlight the need for a coordinated management strategy employing insecticides with different modes of action to reduce the selection pressure with neonicotinoids.
新烟碱类杀虫剂是欧洲核果生产者使用的害虫管理策略的重要组成部分。新烟碱类杀虫剂目前是防治桃蚜（桃蚜）的最重要工具之一。对新烟碱类杀虫剂的过度依赖导致了个体蚜虫通过代谢和靶标抗性机制的结合产生了抗性。先正达公司于 2010 年开展了一项抗性监测项目，以确定从法国和西班牙采集的桃蚜种群的抗性状况，并确定这些种群中靶标突变的频率。
抗性监测表明，来自法国朗格多克-鲁西永、普罗旺斯-阿尔卑斯-蓝色海岸和罗讷-阿尔卑斯地区桃树上采集的桃蚜种群对新烟碱类杀虫剂的抗性较为普遍，抗性可能与靶标突变（R81T）的频率有关。R81T 突变在其杂合形式中也存在于西班牙种群中，与新烟碱类杀虫剂抗性有关。
法国南部新烟碱类杀虫剂抗性的广泛存在以及西班牙北部抗性发展的可能性突出表明，需要采用具有不同作用方式的杀虫剂进行协调管理策略，以减少新烟碱类杀虫剂的选择压力。
