Aurousseau B, Bauchart D, Calichon E, Micol D, Priolo A
Unité des Recherches sur les Herbivores, INRA Clermont-Ferrand/Theix 63122 St. Genès Champanelle, France.
Meat Sci. 2004 Mar;66(3):531-41. doi: 10.1016/S0309-1740(03)00156-6.
Thirty-two male Ile-de-France lambs were used in a factorial 2×2 design to analyse the effects of feeding systems (grass outdoor, G, or concentrate and hay indoor: stall, S) and of growth rate (low, L, or high, H) on total lipids, triglyceride (TG) and phospholipid (PL) contents and their fatty acid composition in the longissimus thoracis muscle (L.T.). Contents were lower for TG (10.4 vs. 15.8 mg/100 g fresh tissue, P<0.05) and higher for PL (6.4 vs. 5.8 mg/100 g fresh tissue, P <0.05) in grass-fed lambs compared to stall-fed ones. TG of grass fed lambs displayed lower proportions of palmitic acid (C16:0), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), linoleic acid (C18:2n-6) and other (n-6) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and higher proportions of stearic acid (C18:0), linolenic acid (C18:3n-3), cis 9, 11 trans C18:2 and trans monounsaturated fatty acids. In PL of the same lambs only lower MUFA, C18:2n-6 and (n-6) PUFA and higher C18:3n-3, (n-3) PUFA and cis 9, 11 trans C18:2 were observed. Growth rate had no effect on lipid, TG or PL contents of longissimus thoracis. However C18:0 proportions were higher in TG and lower in PL for low growth rate lambs. Low growth rate lambs had also lower cis 9, 11 trans C18:2 in TG. Thus, irrespective of growth rate, the muscle lipids characteristic of grass fed lambs fulfilled the recommended features of human food components much better than that of stall fed lambs, namely for CLA and C18:3n-3. The lower ratios of (n-6) to (n-3) PUFA displayed in grass fed lambs both in TG and in PL were also useful to discriminate all the grass fed lambs from all the stall fed animals.
32只法国岛羊用于2×2析因设计，以分析饲养系统（户外草地饲养，G；或室内精料和干草饲养：厩养，S）和生长速度（低，L；或高，H）对胸最长肌（L.T.）中总脂质、甘油三酯（TG）和磷脂（PL）含量及其脂肪酸组成的影响。与厩养羔羊相比，草饲羔羊的TG含量较低（10.4 vs. 15.8 mg/100 g新鲜组织，P<0.05），PL含量较高（6.4 vs. 5.8 mg/100 g新鲜组织，P<0.05）。草饲羔羊的TG中棕榈酸（C16:0）、单不饱和脂肪酸（MUFAs）、亚油酸（C18:2n-6）和其他（n-6）多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）的比例较低，硬脂酸（C18:0）、亚麻酸（C18:3n-3）、顺式9,11反式C18:2和反式单不饱和脂肪酸的比例较高。在相同羔羊的PL中，仅观察到MUFAs、C18:2n-6和（n-6）PUFA较低，而C18:3n-3、（n-3）PUFA和顺式9,11反式C18:2较高。生长速度对胸最长肌的脂质、TG或PL含量没有影响。然而，低生长速度羔羊的TG中C18:0比例较高，PL中较低。低生长速度羔羊的TG中顺式9,11反式C18:2也较低。因此，无论生长速度如何，草饲羔羊肌肉脂质的特征比厩养羔羊更符合人类食物成分的推荐特征，即共轭亚油酸（CLA）和C18:3n-3。草饲羔羊TG和PL中显示的较低的（n-6）与（n-3）PUFA比值也有助于区分所有草饲羔羊和所有厩养动物。
