Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
J Epidemiol Community Health. 2012 Oct;66(10):901-7. doi: 10.1136/jech-2011-200317. Epub 2011 Nov 7.
The association between level of education and disability pension (DP) is well known. Earlier studies have investigated the importance of early life factors and work characteristics but not in combination. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between level of education and DP among Swedish middle-aged working men and to what extent such an association can be explained by factors measured in late adolescence and work characteristics in adulthood.
Information about IQ, health-related lifestyle factors, psychiatric and musculoskeletal diagnoses was obtained from the 1969 conscription cohort, consisting of 49,321 Swedish men. Data collected when subjects were 18-20 years of age were combined with national register-based information about level of education, job control and physical strain at work in adulthood, and information about DP between 1991 and 2002.
There was a strong graded association between level of education and DP. Those with the lowest level of education had a four times greater probability of having DP as compared with those with the highest level. In multivariable analyses, factors measured in late adolescence, IQ in particular, attenuated the association more than work-related characteristics in adulthood.
The authors found an association between level of education and DP among Swedish middle-aged working men. A large part of the association was explained by factors measured in late adolescence, IQ in particular, and somewhat less by work characteristics measured in adulthood. Level of education remained as a significant predictor of DP in middle age after full adjustment.
教育程度与残疾抚恤金（DP）之间的关联是众所周知的。早期的研究已经调查了生命早期因素和工作特征的重要性，但没有将它们结合起来。本研究的目的是调查瑞典中年男性的教育程度与 DP 之间的关联，以及这种关联在多大程度上可以通过青春期后期和成年期工作特征所测量的因素来解释。
从 1969 年应征队列中获得了关于智商、与健康相关的生活方式因素、精神和肌肉骨骼诊断的信息，该队列由 49321 名瑞典男性组成。当研究对象为 18-20 岁时收集的数据与成年时的教育程度、工作控制和体力劳动强度的国家登记数据以及 1991 年至 2002 年之间的 DP 信息相结合。
教育程度与 DP 之间存在很强的分级关联。与受教育程度最高的人相比，受教育程度最低的人获得 DP 的可能性要高出四倍。在多变量分析中，青春期后期测量的因素，特别是智商，比成年期的工作特征更能减弱这种关联。
作者发现瑞典中年男性的教育程度与 DP 之间存在关联。这种关联的很大一部分可以通过青春期后期测量的因素，特别是智商来解释，而通过成年期测量的工作特征来解释的则相对较少。在充分调整后，教育程度仍然是中年 DP 的一个重要预测因素。
