Primary Care Research Unit, County Council of Värmland, Universitetsgatan 3, Karlstad, Sweden.
Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis. 2011;6:511-9. doi: 10.2147/COPD.S24230. Epub 2011 Oct 7.
Recent guidelines for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) state that COPD is both preventable and treatable. To gain a more positive outlook on the disease it is interesting to investigate factors associated with good, self-rated health and quality of life in subjects with self-reported COPD in the population.
In a cross-sectional study design, postal survey questionnaires were sent to a stratified, random population in Sweden in 2004 and 2008. The prevalence of subjects (40-84 years) who reported having COPD was 2.1% in 2004 and 2.7% in 2008. Data were analyzed for 1475 subjects. Regression models were used to analyze the associations between health measures (general health status, the General Health Questionnaire, the EuroQol five-dimension questionnaire) and influencing factors.
The most important factor associated with good, self-rated health and quality of life was level of physical activity. Odds ratios for general health varied from 2.4 to 7.7 depending on degree of physical activity, where subjects with the highest physical activity level reported the best health and also highest quality of life. Social support and absence of economic problems almost doubled the odds ratios for better health and quality of life.
In this population-based public health survey, better self-rated health status and quality of life in subjects with self-reported COPD was associated with higher levels of physical activity, social support, and absence of economic problems. The findings indicated that of possible factors that could be influenced, promoting physical activity and strengthening social support are important in maintaining or improving the health and quality of life in subjects with COPD. Severity of the disease as a possible confounding effect should be investigated in future population studies.
最近的慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）指南指出，COPD 既可以预防，也可以治疗。为了对这种疾病有更积极的认识，有趣的是研究与自我报告的 COPD 人群中自我报告的良好健康和生活质量相关的因素。
在一项横断面研究设计中，2004 年和 2008 年向瑞典分层随机人群邮寄了调查问卷。2004 年和 2008 年报告患有 COPD 的受试者（40-84 岁）的患病率分别为 2.1%和 2.7%。对 1475 名受试者进行数据分析。回归模型用于分析健康指标（一般健康状况、一般健康问卷、欧洲五维健康问卷）与影响因素之间的关系。
与良好的自我报告健康状况和生活质量最相关的因素是身体活动水平。一般健康状况的优势比因身体活动程度而异，从 2.4 到 7.7，其中身体活动水平最高的受试者报告的健康状况最好，生活质量也最高。社会支持和没有经济问题使健康状况和生活质量更好的优势比几乎增加了一倍。
在这项基于人群的公共卫生调查中，自我报告的 COPD 患者自我报告的健康状况和生活质量较好与较高水平的身体活动、社会支持和没有经济问题相关。研究结果表明，在可能受影响的因素中，促进身体活动和加强社会支持对于维持或改善 COPD 患者的健康和生活质量非常重要。在未来的人群研究中，应调查疾病严重程度作为可能的混杂因素的影响。
