Ogle Jennifer Paff, Tyner Keila E, Schofield-Tomschin Sherry
Colorado State University.
Sociol Inq. 2011;81(3):285-309. doi: 10.1111/j.1475-682x.2011.00377.x.
In contemporary Western society, individuals are encouraged to adopt a “duty to be well ideology” by assuming personal responsibility for health through engagement in self-care practices. We explored the duty to be well within the contexts of pregnancy, first-time parenthood, and marriage. Analyses were informed by Foucault’s work on surveillance. In-depth interviews were conducted during the 7th or 8th month of pregnancy with 14 married couples expecting their first child. The sample was recruited from two U.S. university towns. Participants conceptualized the duty to be well as the expectant mother’s unyielding bodily obligation to her unborn child and the notion that she should engage in bodily routines to shape fetal development. Both wives and husbands participated in the duty to be well, which included three dimensions: the need to feed, the need to take physical care/stay out of harm’s way, and the need to thwart maternal anxiety. However, findings indicated that efforts to safeguard unborn children were sometimes a slippery slope, representing an uneven path and/or inciting ambivalence. Further, participants experienced surveillance associated with the duty to be well as both caring and controlling, depending upon the context of the surveillance and the perceived meaning of the monitoring.
在当代西方社会，人们被鼓励通过参与自我护理实践来承担个人健康责任，从而接受一种“健康责任意识形态”。我们在怀孕、初为人父母和婚姻的背景下探讨了健康责任。分析借鉴了福柯关于监视的研究。在怀孕第七或第八个月期间，对14对期待第一个孩子的已婚夫妇进行了深入访谈。样本来自美国的两个大学城。参与者将健康责任概念化为准妈妈对未出生孩子坚定不移的身体义务，以及她应该通过身体日常活动来塑造胎儿发育的观念。丈夫和妻子都参与了健康责任，这包括三个方面：喂养的需要、身体护理/避免伤害的需要以及消除母亲焦虑的需要。然而，研究结果表明，保护未出生孩子的努力有时是一条滑坡路，代表着一条不平坦的道路和/或引发矛盾情绪。此外，根据监视的背景和对监测的感知意义，参与者体验到与健康责任相关的监视既是关怀又是控制。
