Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Psychiatry Res. 2011 Dec 30;194(3):393-395. doi: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2011.04.009. Epub 2011 Nov 12.
Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) in adolescents is characterized by alterations in positive emotions and reward processing. Recent investigations using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) find depression-related differences in reward anticipation. However, it is unknown whether feedback influences subsequent reward anticipation, which may highlight the context of reward processing. Ten youth with MDD and 16 youth with no history of MDD completed an fMRI assessment using a reward task. Reward anticipation was indexed by blood oxygen level dependent signal change in the striatum following winning, losing, non-winning, and non-losing outcomes. A significant interaction between diagnostic status and outcome condition predicted reward anticipation in the caudate. Decomposition of the interaction indicated that following winning outcomes, depressed youth demonstrated reduced reward anticipation relative to healthy youth. However, no significant differences between depressed and healthy youth were found after other outcomes. Reward anticipation is altered following winning outcomes. This finding has implications for understanding the developmental pathophysiology of MDD and suggests specific contexts where altered motivational system functioning may play a role in maintaining depression.
青少年重度抑郁症（MDD）的特征是积极情绪和奖励处理的改变。最近使用功能磁共振成像（fMRI）的研究发现，奖励预期与抑郁相关存在差异。然而，尚不清楚反馈是否会影响后续的奖励预期，这可能突出了奖励处理的背景。10 名患有 MDD 的青少年和 16 名没有 MDD 病史的青少年完成了一项 fMRI 评估，使用奖励任务。奖励预期是通过纹状体在赢得、输掉、非赢和非输结果后血氧水平依赖信号的变化来衡量的。诊断状态和结果条件之间的显著交互作用预测了尾状核的奖励预期。交互作用的分解表明，在赢得结果后，与健康的青少年相比，抑郁的青少年表现出减少的奖励预期。然而，在其他结果后，没有发现抑郁的青少年和健康的青少年之间存在显著差异。奖励预期在赢得结果后发生改变。这一发现对于理解 MDD 的发展病理生理学具有重要意义，并表明在维持抑郁方面，改变的动机系统功能可能在特定的情况下发挥作用。
