Department of Radiology, David Grant USAF Medical Center, 101 Bodin Circle, Travis AFB, CA 94535, USA.
Radiographics. 2011 Nov-Dec;31(7):E117-36. doi: 10.1148/rg.317115503.
Vascular abnormalities of the breast include a wide spectrum of arterial and venous disorders, as well as benign and malignant vascular masses. Multimodality imaging is often necessary to accurately diagnose several of these uncommon conditions, and pathologic correlation can be important for accurate diagnosis of vascular masses. After a review of the vascular anatomy of the breast, the authors discuss the imaging appearance of several native arterial disorders (atherosclerosis and aneurysm) and venous disorders (superior vena cava syndrome, congestive heart failure, thrombophlebitis, and varix). Benign vascular tumors (hemangioma, lymphangioma, and angiolipoma) and malignant vascular tumors (angiosarcoma and hemangiopericytoma) that may be encountered in the breast are also reviewed. In addition, pitfalls in the correct interpretation of vascular breast lesions (devascularization of masses and pathologic mimics) are reviewed. Understanding and assessing normal and pathologic breast vasculature will permit more accurate diagnosis and treatment planning and allow breast imagers to have a more active role in breast care.
乳房的血管异常包括广泛的动脉和静脉疾病，以及良性和恶性血管肿块。为了准确诊断其中的一些罕见情况，常常需要进行多模态成像，而病理相关性对于血管肿块的准确诊断也很重要。在复习了乳房的血管解剖结构后，作者讨论了几种原发性动脉疾病（动脉粥样硬化和动脉瘤）和静脉疾病（上腔静脉综合征、充血性心力衰竭、血栓性静脉炎和静脉曲张）的影像学表现。还回顾了可能在乳房中遇到的良性血管肿瘤（血管瘤、淋巴管瘤和血管脂肪瘤）和恶性血管肿瘤（血管肉瘤和血管外皮细胞瘤）。此外，还回顾了在正确解释血管性乳房病变时的陷阱（肿块的去血管化和病理模拟）。了解和评估正常和病理性乳房血管将有助于更准确的诊断和治疗计划，并使乳房成像者在乳房护理中发挥更积极的作用。
