Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Hospital Clínico Universitario, IDIS, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2012 Feb;44(2):262-5. doi: 10.1016/j.biocel.2011.11.003. Epub 2011 Nov 10.
It is well established that glutamate acts as an important mediator of neuronal degeneration during cerebral ischemia. Different kind of glutamate antagonists have been used to reduce the deleterious effects of glutamate. However, their preclinical success failed to translate into practical treatments. Far from the classical use of glutamate antagonists employed so far, the systemic administration of oxaloacetate represents a novel neuroprotective strategy to minimize the deleterious effect of glutamate in the brain tissue after ischemic stroke. The neuroprotective effect of oxaloacetate is based on the capacity of this molecule to reduce the brain and blood glutamate levels as a result of the activation of the blood-resident enzyme glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase. Here we review the recent experimental and clinical results where it is demonstrated the potential applicability of oxaloacetate as a novel and powerful neuroprotective treatment against ischemic stroke.
谷氨酸在脑缺血期间作为神经元变性的重要介质已得到充分证实。不同类型的谷氨酸拮抗剂已被用于减少谷氨酸的有害作用。然而，它们在临床前的成功并没有转化为实际的治疗方法。与迄今为止使用的经典谷氨酸拮抗剂不同，草酰乙酸的全身给药代表了一种新的神经保护策略，可最大限度地减少缺血性中风后大脑组织中谷氨酸的有害作用。草酰乙酸的神经保护作用基于该分子的能力，通过激活血液驻留酶谷氨酸-草酰乙酸转氨酶来降低大脑和血液中的谷氨酸水平。在这里，我们回顾了最近的实验和临床结果，证明了草酰乙酸作为一种新型、强大的神经保护治疗缺血性中风的潜在适用性。
