World Health Organization, Regional Office for South-East Asia.
Indian J Public Health. 2011 Jul-Sep;55(3):169-76. doi: 10.4103/0019-557X.89946.
This paper examines the prevalence of current tobacco use among youth and adults in selected member countries of the South-East Asia Region using the data from school and household-based surveys included in the Global Tobacco Surveillance System.
Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) data (years 2007-2009) were used to examine current tobacco use prevalence among youth, whereas Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) data (years 2009-2010) were used to examine the prevalence among adults. GYTS is a school-based survey of students aged 13-15, using a two-stage cluster sample design, and GATS is a household survey of adults age 15 and above using a multi-stage stratified cluster design. Both surveys used a standard protocol for the questionnaire, data collection and analysis.
Prevalence of current tobacco use among students aged 13-15 varied from 5.9% in Bangladesh to 56.5% in Timor-Leste, and the prevalence among adults aged 15 and above was highest in Bangladesh (43.3%), followed by India (34.6%) and Thailand (27.2%). Reported prevalence was significantly higher among males than females for adults and youth in all countries except Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and Timor-Leste. Current use of tobacco other than manufactured cigarettes was notably higher than current cigarette smoking among youth aged 13-15 years in most countries of the Region, while the same was observed among adults in Bangladesh, India and Thailand, with most women in those countries, and 49% of men in India, using smokeless tobacco.
Tobacco use among youth and adults in member countries of the region is high and the pattern of tobacco consumption is complex. Tobacco products other than cigarettes are commonly used by youth and adults, as those products are relatively cheaper than cigarettes and affordable for almost all segments of the population. As a result, use of locally produced smoked and smokeless tobacco products is high in the region. Generating reliable data on tobacco use and key tobacco control measures at regular intervals is essential to better understand and respond with effective tobacco control intervention.
本研究使用全球烟草监测系统中包含的学校和家庭调查数据，调查了东南亚区域部分成员国中青少年和成年人的当前烟草使用流行率。
使用全球青年烟草调查（GYTS）数据（2007-2009 年）来检查青少年的当前烟草使用流行率，而使用全球成人烟草调查（GATS）数据（2009-2010 年）来检查成年人的流行率。GYTS 是一项针对 13-15 岁学生的基于学校的调查，采用两阶段聚类样本设计，GATS 是一项针对 15 岁及以上成年人的家庭调查，采用多阶段分层聚类设计。这两项调查都使用了问卷、数据收集和分析的标准方案。
13-15 岁学生的当前烟草使用率在孟加拉国为 5.9%，在东帝汶为 56.5%，15 岁及以上成年人的使用率在孟加拉国最高（43.3%），其次是印度（34.6%）和泰国（27.2%）。除孟加拉国、斯里兰卡和东帝汶外，所有国家的男性成年人和青少年的报告使用率均显著高于女性。在该区域的大多数国家，除了青少年 13-15 岁以外，其他烟草制品的使用率显著高于香烟，而在孟加拉国、印度和泰国，情况也是如此，这些国家的大多数女性以及印度 49%的男性都使用无烟烟草。
该区域成员国的青少年和成年人的烟草使用率很高，且烟草消费模式较为复杂。香烟以外的烟草制品在青少年和成年人中普遍使用，因为这些产品相对便宜，而且几乎所有年龄段的人群都能负担得起。因此，该地区的本地生产的熏制和无烟烟草制品使用率很高。定期生成关于烟草使用和关键烟草控制措施的可靠数据对于更好地了解和应对有效的烟草控制干预措施至关重要。
