Sinha D N, Rinchen S, Palipudi K M, Naing Shein Nang Naing, de Silva P, Khadka B B, Pednekar M, Singh G, Pitayarangsarit S, Bhattad V B, Lee K A, Asma S, Singh P K
World Health Organization, Regional Office for South-East Asia, New Delhi, India.
Indian J Cancer. 2012 Oct-Dec;49(4):379-86. doi: 10.4103/0019-509X.107743.
The Medical and Dental Global Health Professions Student Surveys (GHPSS) are surveys based in schools that collect self-administered data from students on the prevalence of tobacco use, exposure to second-hand smoke, and tobacco cessation training, among the third-year medical and dental students.
Two rounds of medical and dental GHPSS have been conducted in Bangladesh, India, Myanmar, Nepal, Sri Lanka, and Thailand, among the third-year medical and dental students, between 2005 and 2006 and 2009 and 2011.
The prevalence of any tobacco use among third-year male and female medical students did not change in Bangladesh, India, and Nepal between 2005 and 2006 and 2009 and 2011; however, it reduced significantly among females in Myanmar (3.3% in 2006 to 1.8% in 2009) and in Sri Lanka (2.5% in 2006 to 0.6% in 2011). The prevalence of any tobacco use among third-year male dental students did not change in Bangladesh, India, Nepal, and Thailand between 2005 and 2006 and 2009 and 2011; however, in Myanmar, the prevalence increased significantly (35.6% in 2006 to 49.5% in 2009). Among the third-year female students, a significant increase in prevalence was noticed in Bangladesh (4.0% in 2005 to 22.2% in 2009) and Thailand (0.7% in 2006 to 2.1% in 2011). It remained unchanged in the other three countries. Prevalence of exposure to second-hand smoke (SHS) both at home and in public places, among medical students, decreased significantly in Myanmar and Sri Lanka between 2006 and 2009 and in 2011. Among dental students, the prevalence of SHS exposure at home reduced significantly in Bangladesh, India, and Myanmar, and in public places in India. However, there was an increase of SHS exposure among dental students in Nepal, both at home and in public places, between 2005 and 2011. Medical students in Myanmar, Nepal, and Sri Lanka reported a declining trend in schools, with a smoking ban policy in place, between 2005 and 2006 and 2009 and 2011, while proportions of dental students reported that schools with a smoking ban policy have increased significantly in Bangladesh and Myanmar. Ever receiving cessation training increased significantly among medical students in Sri Lanka only, whereas, among dental students, it increased in India, Nepal, and Thailand.
Trends of tobacco use and exposure to SHS among medical and dental students in most countries of the South-East Asia Region had changed only relatively between the two rounds of GHPSS (2005-2006 and 2009-2011). No significant improvement was observed in the trend in schools with a policy banning smoking in school buildings and clinics. Almost all countries in the SEA Region that participated in GHPSS showed no significant change in ever having received formal training on tobacco cessation among medical and dental students.
医学和牙医学全球卫生专业学生调查（GHPSS）是在学校开展的调查，收集三年级医学生和牙医学学生关于烟草使用流行情况、二手烟暴露情况以及戒烟培训情况的自我管理数据。
2005年至2006年以及2009年至2011年期间，在孟加拉国、印度、缅甸、尼泊尔、斯里兰卡和泰国对三年级医学生和牙医学学生开展了两轮医学和牙医学GHPSS调查。
2005年至2006年以及2009年至2011年期间，孟加拉国、印度和尼泊尔三年级男女医学生的任何烟草使用流行率均未发生变化；然而，缅甸女性（从2006年的3.3%降至2009年的1.8%）和斯里兰卡女性（从2006年的2.5%降至2011年的0.6%）的烟草使用流行率显著降低。2005年至2006年以及2009年至2011年期间，孟加拉国、印度、尼泊尔和泰国三年级男性牙医学学生的任何烟草使用流行率均未发生变化；然而，在缅甸，流行率显著上升（从2006年的35.6%升至2009年的49.5%）。在三年级女性学生中，孟加拉国（从2005年的4.0%升至2009年的22.2%）和泰国（从2006年的0.7%升至2011年的2.1%）的流行率显著上升。在其他三个国家，流行率保持不变。2006年至2009年以及2011年期间（针对医学生），缅甸和斯里兰卡医学生在家中和公共场所的二手烟暴露流行率显著下降。在牙医学学生中，孟加拉国、印度和缅甸牙医学学生在家中的二手烟暴露流行率显著降低，印度牙医学学生在公共场所的二手烟暴露流行率显著降低。然而，2005年至2011年期间，尼泊尔牙医学学生在家中和公共场所的二手烟暴露均有所增加。2005年至2006年以及2009年至?1?1年期间，缅甸、尼泊尔和斯里兰卡的医学生报告称，在实施了禁烟政策的学校中，吸烟趋势呈下降趋势，而孟加拉国和缅甸报告称，实施了禁烟政策的学校中，牙医学学生的比例显著增加。仅斯里兰卡的医学生接受戒烟培训的比例显著增加，而在牙医学学生中，印度、尼泊尔和泰国接受戒烟培训的比例增加。
在两轮GHPSS调查（2005 - 2006年和2009 - 2011年）期间，东南亚地区大多数国家的医学生和牙医学学生的烟草使用和二手烟暴露趋势仅发生了相对变化。在实施了学校建筑和诊所禁烟政策的学校中，吸烟趋势未见显著改善。几乎所有参与GHPSS调查的东南亚国家均表明，医学生和牙医学学生接受烟草戒烟正规培训的情况未见显著变化。
