Bornstein M H, Tamis-LeMonda C S
National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD 20892.
Child Dev. 1990 Aug;61(4):1206-17. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-8624.1990.tb02854.x.
Activities of primiparous mothers and infants were observed at 2 and 5 months of age during naturalistic interactions at home. 5 prominent features of mother and infant exchanges in this short-term longitudinal study are described and discussed in the context of 3 models of unique environment-development relations: covariation, stability, continuity, correspondence, and prediction. Generally, mothers' activities did not positively covary at either age, nor did those of infants. Some maternal activities were stable in this time period; some developmentally increased, and some developmentally decreased. Infants' activities were unstable, but most increased over time. Specific mother and infant activities corresponded, and over time mothers and infants influenced one another in specific ways. In the critical period of the first half year, infants appear to be flexible and plastic in their behavioral repertoires and are influenced by their mothers; mothers are somewhat consistent, but they also adapt to the behaviors of their infants.
在家中自然互动期间，对初产妇母亲及其婴儿在2个月和5个月大时的活动进行了观察。在独特环境-发展关系的三种模型（协变、稳定性、连续性、对应性和预测）的背景下，描述并讨论了这项短期纵向研究中母婴交流的5个突出特征。一般来说，母亲和婴儿的活动在这两个年龄段都没有呈现出正协变关系。在此期间，一些母亲的活动是稳定的；一些在发育过程中增加，一些在发育过程中减少。婴儿的活动不稳定，但大多数随着时间的推移而增加。特定的母婴活动是相对应的，随着时间的推移，母亲和婴儿以特定的方式相互影响。在上半年的关键时期，婴儿在行为技能方面似乎具有灵活性和可塑性，并受到母亲的影响；母亲们在一定程度上是一致的，但她们也会适应婴儿的行为。
